Depth-sensitive atomic ratio between iodine/lead and nitrogen/lead in lead halide perovskite film during octylammonium iodide-based surface modification

IF 3.5 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Applied Physics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1063/5.0246864

Zhenxing Fang, Haipeng Xie, Yuhuan Xiao, Zihao Wang, Xianjun Cheng, Tao Xu, Han Huang, Conghua Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Atomic ratios of iodine/lead (I/Pb) and nitrogen/lead (N/Pb) are carefully examined during octylammonium iodide (OAI) based surface modification on lead halide perovskite (PVSK). X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) study showed that modification at moderate concentration (20 mM modification) increases the “I/Pb” ratio from 2.08 to 2.72. Angle-resolved XPS study is performed by varying the takeoff angle from 150° to 90°. OAI treatment increases the I/Pb ratio at each takeoff angle, showing the coordination of Pb (II) has been fully improved. Besides, the atomic ratio between N2 (from OAI) and Pb (from PVSK) decreases from 1.13 to 0.86 (20 mM modification), showing that OAI prefers to react with the surface layer of PVSK. Due to the improved coordination environment of Pb (II), the work function of PVSK increases by approximately 0.3 eV as revealed by Kelvin probe force microscopy study, the built-in potential of perovskite solar cell (PSC) increases from 1.0 to 1.05 V. Accordingly, carrier extraction is accelerated, while carrier lifetime is prolonged, and the power conversion efficiency of PSCs is upgraded from 20.47% to 24.00%, with the fill factor rising from 77.32% to 82.79% and the open-circuit voltage from 1.11 to 1.16 V. The study helps understand the close relationship between two-dimensional (2D) precursor molecule modification and coordination behavior of Pb (II) in PVSK.

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基于辛基碘化铵的表面改性过程中卤化铅包晶石薄膜中碘/铅和氮/铅原子比的深度敏感性

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来源期刊

Applied Physics Letters 物理-物理：应用

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

10.00%

发文量

1821

审稿时长

1.6 months

期刊介绍： Applied Physics Letters (APL) features concise, up-to-date reports on significant new findings in applied physics. Emphasizing rapid dissemination of key data and new physical insights, APL offers prompt publication of new experimental and theoretical papers reporting applications of physics phenomena to all branches of science, engineering, and modern technology. In addition to regular articles, the journal also publishes invited Fast Track, Perspectives, and in-depth Editorials which report on cutting-edge areas in applied physics. APL Perspectives are forward-looking invited letters which highlight recent developments or discoveries. Emphasis is placed on very recent developments, potentially disruptive technologies, open questions and possible solutions. They also include a mini-roadmap detailing where the community should direct efforts in order for the phenomena to be viable for application and the challenges associated with meeting that performance threshold. Perspectives are characterized by personal viewpoints and opinions of recognized experts in the field. Fast Track articles are invited original research articles that report results that are particularly novel and important or provide a significant advancement in an emerging field. Because of the urgency and scientific importance of the work, the peer review process is accelerated. If, during the review process, it becomes apparent that the paper does not meet the Fast Track criterion, it is returned to a normal track.