Differences in gaze behavior between driving instructors and older adults during viewing of virtual reality driving videos.

IF 1.6 3区工程技术 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Traffic Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI:10.1080/15389588.2025.2469102

Yuta Noguchi, Yukari Hayashi, Masatoshi Ito

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to analyze gaze behavior when viewing real-world driving videos in a virtual reality (VR) environment.

Methods: A total of 22 driving instructors and 36 older drivers, all with regular driver's licenses, participated in this study. Participants watched 360° real-world driving videos using a head-mounted display equipped with eye-tracking functionality (FOVE 0). Areas of interest (AOIs), such as traffic signals and side mirrors, were designated within the videos. Gaze behavior was evaluated using indicators such as time to first fixation, dwell time (DT), and revisit count (RC).

Results: In many scenarios, older drivers reached the AOIs significantly later, had shorter DT, and lower RC than those of driving instructors. These differences were particularly pronounced during right and left turns and lane changes, suggesting that older drivers may have insufficient recognition of surrounding risks. In addition, older drivers exhibited delays in visual attention, indicating a lack of attention to the surrounding environment.

Conclusions: Gaze analysis in a VR environment is a valuable method for safely evaluating the gaze behavior of older drivers. This study revealed important differences in gaze behavior between driving instructors and older drivers. These findings have practical implications for improving the safety of older drivers. By understanding their unique gaze behavior, targeted interventions can be developed to improve the safety of older drivers.

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驾驶教练与老年人在观看虚拟现实驾驶视频时凝视行为的差异

目的：本研究旨在分析在虚拟现实（VR）环境下观看真实驾驶视频时的凝视行为。方法：共有22名驾驶教练和36名持有正规驾照的老年司机参与了这项研究。参与者使用配备眼球追踪功能的头戴式显示器观看360°真实驾驶视频。视频中指定了交通信号和侧视镜等感兴趣的区域。凝视行为的评价指标包括首次注视时间、停留时间（DT）和重访次数（RC）。结果：在许多情况下，老年驾驶员达到aoi的时间明显晚于驾驶指导员，DT较短，RC较低。这些差异在左右转弯和变道时尤为明显，这表明老年司机可能对周围的风险认识不足。此外，老年司机表现出视觉注意力的延迟，这表明他们对周围环境缺乏关注。结论：VR环境下的凝视分析是安全评估老年驾驶员凝视行为的一种有价值的方法。这项研究揭示了驾驶教练和老年司机在凝视行为上的重要差异。这些发现对提高老年司机的安全具有实际意义。通过了解他们独特的凝视行为，可以制定有针对性的干预措施，以提高老年司机的安全性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Traffic Injury Prevention PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

10.00%

发文量

137

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The purpose of Traffic Injury Prevention is to bridge the disciplines of medicine, engineering, public health and traffic safety in order to foster the science of traffic injury prevention. The archival journal focuses on research, interventions and evaluations within the areas of traffic safety, crash causation, injury prevention and treatment. General topics within the journal''s scope are driver behavior, road infrastructure, emerging crash avoidance technologies, crash and injury epidemiology, alcohol and drugs, impact injury biomechanics, vehicle crashworthiness, occupant restraints, pedestrian safety, evaluation of interventions, economic consequences and emergency and clinical care with specific application to traffic injury prevention. The journal includes full length papers, review articles, case studies, brief technical notes and commentaries.