Influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) on in vitro seed germination of Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees: Exploring its effect under varied storage periods and micropropagation potential

Sandra Jose , A. Sivaprasad
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Abstract

Dendrocalamus strictus, or 'male bamboo,' native to the Indian subcontinent, is a fast-growing perennial with a unique once-in-a-lifetime flowering cycle (every 25–40 years), making its propagation a challenge, primarily relying on seed germination and vegetative methods. Bamboo seeds display a tendency of high germination rates during their initial days, followed by a subsequent decline. Therefore, controlled environmental conditions are important for seed storage to maintain seed viability. This study investigates the impact of various storage periods (at 5 °C) and the application of GA3 on the in vitro germination of Dendrocalamus strictus seeds. Initial storage resulted in 100 % germination across all samples, but as storage time increased, germination rates and seedling growth declined. After 18 months of storage, germination was observed to be 95.2 % in Murashige and Skoog medium enhanced with 0.5 mgL−1 GA3., in contrast to the non-treated samples, which achieved only 61.9 % germination. In addition, the GA3-treated samples exhibited higher germination rates and seed vigour index. The germinated seedlings were subsequently employed for micropropagation. The highest level of multiple shoots was achieved with combinations of BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid). IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) was effective in promoting intense root formation in the micropropagated shoots. The resulting plantlets were acclimatized and effectively established in the ground, exhibiting normal growth.
赤霉素酸(GA3)对竹菖蒲离体种子萌发的影响研究其在不同贮藏期和微繁势下的效应
原产于印度次大陆的Dendrocalamus strictus或“雄竹”是一种快速生长的多年生植物,具有独特的一生一次的开花周期(每25-40年),这使得它的繁殖成为一个挑战,主要依靠种子发芽和营养方法。竹种子萌发初期萌发率较高,随后萌发率下降。因此,控制环境条件对种子贮藏保持种子活力至关重要。本研究考察了不同贮藏期(5℃)和GA3的施用对竹菖蒲种子离体萌发的影响。所有样品的初始储存发芽率为100% %,但随着储存时间的增加,发芽率和幼苗生长下降。贮藏18个月后,在0.5 mgL−1 GA3增强的Murashige和Skoog培养基中,发芽率为95.2% %。,而未经处理的样品的发芽率仅为61.9 %。此外,ga3处理样品的发芽率和种子活力指数也较高。发芽后的幼苗随后进行微繁。6-苄基氨基嘌呤(BAP)和吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)组合的多芽率最高。吲哚-3-丁酸(IBA)能有效促进微繁殖芽的强根形成。经驯化后的植株在地上生根,生长正常。
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