Romulo A Pasini, Mohammad A Z Al-Ani, Stephan Altmayer, Joice Dias Prodigios, Borna Mehrad, Edson Marchiori, Divya Patel, Matheus Zanon, Tan-Lucien Mohammed, Moacir Moreno, Ian T Griffin, Jessica Shapiro Gemmell, Bruno Hochhegger
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Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomas. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based on three criteria: clinical history, consistent imaging findings, and histopathology. Radiologists play an important role for the diagnosis and follow-up evaluation of patients with sarcoidosis, which often require a multimodal approach. This imaging essay will explore the typical and atypical imaging manifestations of sarcoidosis at chest radiography, CT, PET/CT, and MRI, provide imaging examples, and discuss relevant differential diagnoses for clinical practice. Keywords: Thorax, MR-Imaging, Staging, PET/CT, CT, Conventional Radiography, Sarcoidosis, Thoracic Imaging, Scintigraphy Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2025.