Contraceptive Strategies for Female Cattle: Efficacy and Zootechnical Aspects.

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Daniela Guarchez Adamich, Lucas Cardoso Azeredo, Fabiane Pereira de Moraes, Daniele Missio, Fernando Caetano de Oliveira, Bernardo Garziera Gasperin
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Abstract

Unwanted pregnancies at the slaughterhouse are a recurring problem globally, compromising ethical aspects and animal welfare, and causing production losses. This review explores contraceptive strategies for female cattle, focusing on both management practices and suppression of the estrous cycle and/or fertilisation. Contraceptive techniques such as surgical castration, emasculation of the ovaries with rubber rings, intrauterine devices (IUDs), GnRH agonist implants, and immunocastration are discussed. Surgical castration, although efficient, is an invasive procedure that compromises animal welfare. Alternative methods, such as IUDs and GnRH implants, lack commercially available products and large-scale efficacy studies. Immunocastration is easy to apply and does not require specialised equipment, but also requires further studies to evaluate its effects on animal performance. Despite the various contraceptive alternatives available, the high number of pregnant females slaughtered highlights the need for awareness among producers and technicians, as well as more in-depth studies on strategies that can promote benefits to animals and production.

雌牛的避孕策略:功效和动物技术方面。
在屠宰场意外怀孕是一个全球性的反复出现的问题,损害道德方面和动物福利,并造成生产损失。这篇综述探讨了雌性牛的避孕策略,重点是管理实践和抑制发情周期和/或受精。避孕技术,如手术阉割,用橡胶环卵巢阉割,宫内节育器(宫内节育器),GnRH激动剂植入,和免疫阉割进行了讨论。手术阉割虽然有效,但却是一种损害动物福利的侵入性手术。替代方法,如宫内节育器和GnRH植入物,缺乏商业化产品和大规模疗效研究。免疫阉割很容易实施,不需要专门的设备,但也需要进一步的研究来评估其对动物生产性能的影响。尽管有各种可供选择的避孕方法,但大量怀孕女性被屠杀的事实突出表明,需要提高生产者和技术人员的认识,并对能够促进动物和生产利益的战略进行更深入的研究。
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来源期刊
Reproduction in Domestic Animals
Reproduction in Domestic Animals 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
5.90%
发文量
238
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal offers comprehensive information concerning physiology, pathology, and biotechnology of reproduction. Topical results are currently published in original papers, reviews, and short communications with particular attention to investigations on practicable techniques. Carefully selected reports, e. g. on embryo transfer and associated biotechnologies, gene transfer, and spermatology provide a link between basic research and clinical application. The journal applies to breeders, veterinarians, and biologists, and is also of interest in human medicine. Interdisciplinary cooperation is documented in the proceedings of the joint annual meetings. Fields of interest: Animal reproduction and biotechnology with special regard to investigations on applied and clinical research.
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