Sensing H2O2 for defense in plants.

Abstract

Short summary: Plant cells sense H₂O₂, a major reactive oxygen species (ROS), through cysteine oxidation of critical immune regulators. Recently, Liao et al. reported that the rice transcription factor bHLH25 directly perceives pathogen-induced H₂O₂ via methionine oxidation to trigger defense responses. This study highlights the importance and complexity of H₂O₂-mediated oxidation modification in plant immunity.