Systematic review of the reporting of extrarenal manifestations in observational studies of Saudi patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY

Lupus Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1136/lupus-2024-001469

Fahidah Alenzi, Roaa Aljohani, Aos Aboabat, Fehaid Alanazi, Haya M Almalag, Mohammed A Omair

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Abstract

Background: SLE is prevalent in Saudi Arabia, with numerous studies focusing on SLE in adult patients. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies summarising the extrarenal manifestations of SLE in this population. This study aims to assess the variability in the prevalence rates of extrarenal manifestations of SLE across different cities in Saudi Arabia and to emphasise the need for a national registry to better understand the overall disease burden in the region.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of articles with no time restrictions, including studies from databases such as Medline, ScienceDirect, EBSCO and PubMed up to July 2024. The review process involved screening, data extraction and quality assessment in duplicate. Only observational or experimental studies focusing on extrarenal manifestations in adult patients with SLE in Saudi Arabia were included. The review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist for systematic reviews to ensure a rigorous and comprehensive evaluation.

Results: A total of 35 studies were included, primarily retrospective cohort studies. Riyadh showed the highest number of publications over time. Musculoskeletal involvement in SLE ranged from 2% to 100%, with most studies reporting 46%-85%. Mucocutaneous manifestations, including discoid rash (5%-100%), malar rash (up to 79%) and photosensitivity (6.12%-29.3%), varied widely. Raynaud's phenomenon was noted at 4.5%-15.2%. Constitutional symptoms were more common in early-onset SLE, while serositis and cardiopulmonary issues showed variability. Neuropsychiatric symptoms, especially depression, reached up to 67.6%.

Conclusion: This study explores the prevalence of extrarenal manifestations of SLE among adult Saudi patients, highlighting significant regional variability in musculoskeletal, dermatological, cardiovascular and neurological symptoms. It addresses a gap in the literature for a region where autoimmune diseases are a growing public health concern. The findings emphasise the need for population-based studies to investigate environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors influencing SLE progression.

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对沙特系统性红斑狼疮患者观察性研究中肾外表现报告的系统性回顾。

背景：SLE在沙特阿拉伯很流行，有大量的研究集中在成年SLE患者。然而，缺乏综合的研究总结SLE在这一人群中的外部表现。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯不同城市SLE外部表现患病率的差异，并强调建立国家登记的必要性，以更好地了解该地区的总体疾病负担。方法：我们对Medline、ScienceDirect、EBSCO和PubMed等数据库截至2024年7月的研究进行了系统综述，没有时间限制。审查过程包括一式两份的筛选、数据提取和质量评估。仅纳入了沙特阿拉伯成年SLE患者肾外表现的观察性或实验性研究。本次审查遵循系统审查首选报告项目和荟萃分析（PRISMA）清单，以确保进行严格和全面的评估。结果：共纳入35项研究，主要为回顾性队列研究。随着时间的推移，利雅得的出版物数量最多。SLE的肌肉骨骼受累范围从2%到100%，大多数研究报告为46%-85%。粘膜皮肤表现，包括盘状皮疹（5%-100%），颧部皮疹（高达79%）和光敏性（6.12%-29.3%），差异很大。雷诺现象在4.5%-15.2%之间。体质症状在早发性SLE中更为常见，而浆液炎和心肺问题表现出可变性。神经精神症状，尤其是抑郁症，高达67.6%。结论：本研究探讨了沙特成年SLE患者肾外表现的患病率，强调了肌肉骨骼、皮肤、心血管和神经系统症状的显著区域差异。它解决了文献中的一个空白，在该地区，自身免疫性疾病是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。研究结果强调需要基于人群的研究来调查影响SLE进展的环境、遗传和生活方式因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Lupus Science & Medicine RHEUMATOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

审稿时长

15 weeks

期刊介绍： Lupus Science & Medicine is a global, peer reviewed, open access online journal that provides a central point for publication of basic, clinical, translational, and epidemiological studies of all aspects of lupus and related diseases. It is the first lupus-specific open access journal in the world and was developed in response to the need for a barrier-free forum for publication of groundbreaking studies in lupus. The journal publishes research on lupus from fields including, but not limited to: rheumatology, dermatology, nephrology, immunology, pediatrics, cardiology, hepatology, pulmonology, obstetrics and gynecology, and psychiatry.