Age differences in prevalence and symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition among children: a prospective cohort study.

IF 3 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

European Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1007/s00431-025-06064-1

Yixin Wu, Xiangrong Sun, Jingyun Yang, Hailin Fan, Ouxuan Jin, Liwei Tang, Meixian Zhang, Lizhen Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Some individuals experience unexplained, persistent, or newly developed symptoms after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). We explored the age-related prevalence, symptoms, and associated factors for PCC in children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This prospective cohort study enrolled children with SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 7, 2022, and January 31, 2023. The participants were assessed via telephone 6 months post-SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. PCC in children was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization definition. In total, 1084 patients were eligible for matching and follow-up. Eventually, 785 patients (follow-up rate, 72.4%) completed the follow-up. The incidence of PCC among pediatric patients with COVID-19 was 8%. The most common symptom reported by children diagnosed with PCC in all age groups was fatigue. For patients aged 0-2 years, the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (OR,6.323; 95% CI, 1.549-25.818) and neurological symptoms (OR, 3.816; 95% CI, 1.075-13.545) at the onset of COVID-19 were associated factors for PCC. For patients aged 3-6 years, no associated factors associated with PCC were identified. For patients aged 7-12 years, preexisting comorbidities (OR, 6.869; 95% CI, 2.209-21.360) were associated factors for PCC. For patients aged 13-17 years, female sex (OR, 3.635; 95% CI, 1.164-11.355) and preexisting comorbidities (OR, 6.295; 95% CI, 2.052-19.316) were associated factors for PCC.

Conclusion: The incidence of PCC among pediatric patients with COVID-19 was 8%, with fatigue being the most commonly reported symptom across all age groups. The associated factors for PCC varied according to age groups.

What is known: • Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) can significantly affect the psychological and physiological health of children. •The characteristics of persistent symptoms and the incidence of PCC varied among children of different age groups.

What is new: • Fatigue is the most common symptom of PCC in children of all age groups. • The associated factors for PCC varied according to age group.

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有些人在感染 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）后会出现不明原因的、持续的或新出现的症状，称为 COVID-19 后症状（PCC）。我们探讨了感染严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的儿童中与年龄相关的 PCC 发病率、症状和相关因素。这项前瞻性队列研究招募了 2022 年 12 月 7 日至 2023 年 1 月 31 日期间感染 SARS-CoV-2 的儿童。参与者在确诊 SARS-CoV-2 后 6 个月通过电话接受评估。儿童 PCC 根据世界卫生组织的定义进行诊断。共有 1084 名患者符合配对和随访条件。最终，785 名患者（随访率为 72.4%）完成了随访。在患有 COVID-19 的儿童患者中，PCC 的发病率为 8%。在所有年龄组中，确诊为 PCC 的儿童最常见的症状是疲劳。对于 0-2 岁的患者，在 COVID-19 发病时出现胃肠道症状（OR，6.323；95% CI，1.549-25.818）和神经系统症状（OR，3.816；95% CI，1.075-13.545）是 PCC 的相关因素。对于 3-6 岁的患者，没有发现与 PCC 相关的因素。在 7-12 岁的患者中，已有的合并症（OR，6.869；95% CI，2.209-21.360）是 PCC 的相关因素。对于 13-17 岁的患者，女性（OR，3.635；95% CI，1.164-11.355）和原有合并症（OR，6.295；95% CI，2.052-19.316）是 PCC 的相关因素：结论：COVID-19 儿童患者的 PCC 发生率为 8%，疲劳是所有年龄组最常报告的症状。PCC的相关因素因年龄组而异：- COVID-19后症状（PCC）会严重影响儿童的心理和生理健康。-不同年龄组儿童的持续症状特征和 PCC 发病率各不相同：- 疲劳是各年龄组儿童最常见的 PCC 症状。- PCC的相关因素因年龄组而异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

2.80%

发文量

367

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Pediatrics (EJPE) is a leading peer-reviewed medical journal which covers the entire field of pediatrics. The editors encourage authors to submit original articles, reviews, short communications, and correspondence on all relevant themes and topics. EJPE is particularly committed to the publication of articles on important new clinical research that will have an immediate impact on clinical pediatric practice. The editorial office very much welcomes ideas for publications, whether individual articles or article series, that fit this goal and is always willing to address inquiries from authors regarding potential submissions. Invited review articles on clinical pediatrics that provide comprehensive coverage of a subject of importance are also regularly commissioned. The short publication time reflects both the commitment of the editors and publishers and their passion for new developments in the field of pediatrics. EJPE is active on social media (@EurJPediatrics) and we invite you to participate. EJPE is the official journal of the European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP) and publishes guidelines and statements in cooperation with the EAP.