Structural Design and Optimization on Three-Row J-Type Air Cooling Channel of Pouch LiB Module

Abstract

To enhance the cooling efficiency of pouch lithium-ion battery modules, a three-row J-type air cooling channel structure is proposed, utilizing the previously developed multiple inlet/outlet air cooling frames. The influence of the location and number of inlets and outlets on heat dissipation performance is investigated through six air cooling channel schemes, providing a baseline for the multiobjective structural optimization of the proposed structure. Three important structural parameters, $h_1$, $h_2$, and l, of its air convergence and divergence plenums are selected as the design variables to improve the airflow uniformity in branch channels and minimize the pressure drop between inlets and outlets. The final design exhibits superior heat dissipation performance compared to baseline. It is noted that the airflow root mean square error in branch channels is reduced by 75.64%, while the pressure drop $\Delta p$ is increased by 19.74%. These are the critical factors for ensuring the heat dissipation performance of battery module. The maximum temperature $T_{\text{max}}$ and the maximum temperature difference $\Delta T_{\text{max}}$ of battery module are reduced by 5.29% and 23.91%, respectively, which help maintain its working temperature within a reasonable range.