Numerical Modelling of Groundwater Flow in an Urban Aquifer Under Extensive Artificial Recharge Forcings

IF 3.2 3区 地球科学 Q1 Environmental Science
Ameerah H. Alkandari, Abdullah A. Alsumaiei
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Abstract

With a steadily growing population and increasingly limited natural freshwater resources, water-scarce regions must implement smart interventions to sustainably manage their water resources. Using Groundwater Vistas software, a modelling framework for Kuwait City urban aquifer was developed to address this issue. This framework was employed to create a numerical model of the shallow aquifer beneath the urbanised aquifer of Kuwait City. The model was calibrated using groundwater levels from 15 calibration points across the modelled area. Two key factors influenced the calibration: the constant head boundary condition applied upstream in the model domain and the horizontal hydraulic conductivity. The model performed satisfactorily achieving a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.983, a root-mean-square error of 1.134 m, and a Kling-Gupta efficiency of 0.971. These results were then used to simulate two complex hydrogeological processes affecting the Kuwait City aquifer: unplanned dewatering schemes and incidental recharge from anthropogenic watering practices. It was found that altering the pumping rate between 250 and 2250 m3/day, resembling the dewatering process, could lower the groundwater level by approximately 1.21–1.79 m in coastal areas. Conversely, an unplanned recharge of 1500–6000 m3/day could substantially raise groundwater levels by approximately 2.5–3 m in inland areas. However, these findings should be cautiously approached, as certain constraints may significantly influence the model's reliability. These constraints include the limited availability of data records and the possible existence of unknown sources/sinks to the aquifer. The outcomes of this study should aid water managers in establishing reliable groundwater control decisions in the study area and other areas with similar hydrogeologic characteristics.

Abstract Image

人工补给强迫下城市含水层地下水流动的数值模拟
随着人口的稳步增长和自然淡水资源的日益有限,缺水地区必须实施智能干预措施,以可持续地管理其水资源。利用地下水远景软件,开发了科威特城市含水层的建模框架来解决这一问题。该框架被用于创建科威特市城市化含水层下的浅层含水层的数值模型。该模型使用来自模拟区域15个校准点的地下水水位进行校准。影响标定的两个关键因素是:在模型域上游应用的恒定水头边界条件和水平导水率。模型运行良好,Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数为0.983,均方根误差为1.134 m,克林-古普塔效率为0.971。然后利用这些结果模拟影响科威特城含水层的两个复杂水文地质过程:计划外的脱水方案和人为浇水做法附带的补给。研究发现,在250 ~ 2250 m3/d之间改变抽水速率,类似于脱水过程,可以使沿海地区的地下水位降低约1.21 ~ 1.79 m。相反,每天1500-6000立方米的计划外补给可以使内陆地区的地下水位大幅提高约2.5-3米。然而,这些发现应该谨慎对待,因为某些约束可能会显著影响模型的可靠性。这些限制包括数据记录的有限可用性和可能存在未知的含水层源/汇。本研究的结果将有助于水资源管理者在研究区和其他具有类似水文地质特征的地区建立可靠的地下水控制决策。
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来源期刊
Hydrological Processes
Hydrological Processes 环境科学-水资源
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
313
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Hydrological Processes is an international journal that publishes original scientific papers advancing understanding of the mechanisms underlying the movement and storage of water in the environment, and the interaction of water with geological, biogeochemical, atmospheric and ecological systems. Not all papers related to water resources are appropriate for submission to this journal; rather we seek papers that clearly articulate the role(s) of hydrological processes.
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