Longitudinal responses of phase scintillation from ground stations during geomagnetic storms

IF 1.8 4区地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2025.106452

Agegnehu Sisay , Tsegaye Kassa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study analyzed the longitudinal variations of phase scintillation over United States (AB21 and AC66), Canada (UCLU, CAGS, ESCU, and STJO), Germany (HUEG and WTZZ), Ukraine (UZHL), Kazakhstan (KRTU), and Russia (BADG) sectors as the result of the intense geomagnetic storms of March 2015, June 2015, and December 2015 during solar cycle 24. Ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, solar wind speed and magnetic (IMF Bz and Dst) data are used for this study. Total Electron Content (TEC) was used to derive the ionospheric phase scintillation/irregularities proxy indices, e.g., rate of change of TEC (ROT) and ROT index (ROTI).These indices were characterized alongside with the Disturbance Storm Time (Dst), Solar Wind Speed (Vsw), and Z component of Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF Bz) to see the effect of geomagnetic storm on horizontal component of geomagnetic field. Prompt Penetration of Electric Field (PPEF) modulated the behavior of irregularities during the initial and recovery phases of the geomagnetic storms (Demelash and Kassa, 2023). As a result, irregularities in the ionosphere over Canada, Germany, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Russia were found to range from weak to moderate in intensity. Regions in the United States, however, ranged between weak and strong. These phase scintillation generally occurred during the initial, main, and recovery phases of the storms at all selected stations. The effect of electric field was found to depend on the local time at which the IMF Bz turned into southward. The generation (inhibition) of phase scintillation is related to the effect of eastward (west-ward) storm time electric field disturbance dynamo electric fields and prompt penetration electric fields that created favorable (unfavorable) conditions for the generation of irregularities by uplifting (lowering) the F region. These findings highlight the presence of phase scintillation and fluctuations during different phases of geomagnetic storms, with varying intensities and durations across multiple locations.

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来源期刊

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.