Spatio-temporal variation of particulate matter (PM10) concerning the COVID-19 pandemic in the major cities of Uttarakhand, India

IF 1.8 4区地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2025.106464

Amar Deep , Tushar Kandari , Hemwati Nandan , Mahima

{"title":"Spatio-temporal variation of particulate matter (PM10) concerning the COVID-19 pandemic in the major cities of Uttarakhand, India","authors":"Amar Deep , Tushar Kandari , Hemwati Nandan , Mahima","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2025.106464","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present investigation focuses on one of the principal air quality parameters, Particulate Matter (PM<sub>10</sub>), in some of the major cities of Uttarakhand, viz. Haridwar, Dehradun, Rishikesh, Kashipur, Rudrapur, and Haldwani during 2011–2020. In the year 2020 (from 22nd March to September), the lockdown was implemented worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in a considerable decrease in air pollutants globally and nationally. Understanding the ambient air quality of Uttarakhand requires analyzing PM<sub>10</sub> variability in these cities, which are among the most populated and industrialized in the state. Hence, a decadal study explains the change in air quality with every changing year. The observed PM<sub>10</sub> concentration was 2–3 times higher than the prescribed limits (60 μgm<sup>−3</sup>) fixed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in New Delhi, India. The highest (251.8 μgm<sup>−3</sup>) PM<sub>10</sub> concentration was observed in the winter season (2011) as compared to other seasons in Dehradun city. The PM<sub>10</sub> concentration was observed to be high during this decadal period except in 2020 due to the COVID-19 lockdown. A negative correlation coefficient was observed when correlated with rainfall and humidity, while a positive correlation was observed when correlated with temperature for all the sampling sites. The calculated p-values for PM10 and meteorological parameters for Haridwar, Dehradun, Rishikesh, Kashipur, and Rudrapur are 0.01, 0.05, 0.01, 0.05, 0.01, and 0.01, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364682625000483","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The present investigation focuses on one of the principal air quality parameters, Particulate Matter (PM₁₀), in some of the major cities of Uttarakhand, viz. Haridwar, Dehradun, Rishikesh, Kashipur, Rudrapur, and Haldwani during 2011–2020. In the year 2020 (from 22nd March to September), the lockdown was implemented worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in a considerable decrease in air pollutants globally and nationally. Understanding the ambient air quality of Uttarakhand requires analyzing PM₁₀ variability in these cities, which are among the most populated and industrialized in the state. Hence, a decadal study explains the change in air quality with every changing year. The observed PM₁₀ concentration was 2–3 times higher than the prescribed limits (60 μgm⁻³) fixed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in New Delhi, India. The highest (251.8 μgm⁻³) PM₁₀ concentration was observed in the winter season (2011) as compared to other seasons in Dehradun city. The PM₁₀ concentration was observed to be high during this decadal period except in 2020 due to the COVID-19 lockdown. A negative correlation coefficient was observed when correlated with rainfall and humidity, while a positive correlation was observed when correlated with temperature for all the sampling sites. The calculated p-values for PM10 and meteorological parameters for Haridwar, Dehradun, Rishikesh, Kashipur, and Rudrapur are 0.01, 0.05, 0.01, 0.05, 0.01, and 0.01, respectively.

查看原文本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.