Aleksandra Parteka, Zuzanna Helena Zarach, Aleksandra Kordalska
{"title":"Technological content of export diversification—Evolution along the economic growth process","authors":"Aleksandra Parteka, Zuzanna Helena Zarach, Aleksandra Kordalska","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exports from high-income countries are three times more diversified than those from low-income economies. We provide a new tech-based interpretation of the stages of diversification accompanying the economic growth paths of countries. Using the decomposition properties of the relative Theil index in a sample of 160 countries (1996–2018), we reveal that export diversification is driven mainly by changes in the variety of non-tech exports. However, the role of the technological component (technological diversification) increases as countries grow, and in high-income countries, it is responsible for more than one-third of the overall export diversification level. We examine country-specific diversification trajectories, showing that the rapid development of technological capacity drove export diversification in China or India. The technological component can explain 40 % of the perfectly diversified U.S. export structure. We show that 4IR exports embodying digital technologies play a negligible role in the diversification process due to their small measurable share in total exports.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 14-27"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0954349X25000281","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Exports from high-income countries are three times more diversified than those from low-income economies. We provide a new tech-based interpretation of the stages of diversification accompanying the economic growth paths of countries. Using the decomposition properties of the relative Theil index in a sample of 160 countries (1996–2018), we reveal that export diversification is driven mainly by changes in the variety of non-tech exports. However, the role of the technological component (technological diversification) increases as countries grow, and in high-income countries, it is responsible for more than one-third of the overall export diversification level. We examine country-specific diversification trajectories, showing that the rapid development of technological capacity drove export diversification in China or India. The technological component can explain 40 % of the perfectly diversified U.S. export structure. We show that 4IR exports embodying digital technologies play a negligible role in the diversification process due to their small measurable share in total exports.
期刊介绍:
Structural Change and Economic Dynamics publishes articles about theoretical, applied and methodological aspects of structural change in economic systems. The journal publishes work analysing dynamics and structural breaks in economic, technological, behavioural and institutional patterns.