Development of sustainable diesel fuel blend using biodiesel, hydrous hydrazine and nanocatalysts for optimized performance and emission control

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.csite.2025.105966

Suresh Vellaiyan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study aims to optimize the integration of biodiesel, hydrogen carriers, and nanocatalysts in diesel fuel to enhance engine performance while minimizing emissions, aligning with sustainable development goals. Waste-derived lemon peel oil (WLPO) was utilized as a biodiesel feedstock, while hydrous hydrazine (HH) was introduced as a safe and efficient hydrogen carrier. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) was employed as a nanocatalyst (NC) to facilitate complete hydrazine decomposition. A Box-Behnken design matrix was employed to design test fuel combinations, which were evaluated in a single-cylinder diesel engine under maximum brake mean effective pressure. Nanoparticle characterization validated the effectiveness of Al₂O₃ as a catalyst, with X-ray diffraction confirming its crystalline structure and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrating its thermal stability in high-temperature environments. The optimization results demonstrated that the maximum volume concentration of WLPO, combined with 11.9 % HH and 93.2 ppm NC in diesel fuel, delivered superior energy efficiency and environmental performance. The analysis of variance revealed that HH had a significant impact on performance metrics, whereas WLPO concentration primarily influenced emission metrics. Validation experiments confirmed the predicted outcomes, demonstrating improved performance and reduced emissions. The optimized fuel matrix reduces fossil fuel dependency by approximately 42 %, offering a promising pathway toward sustainable energy solutions.

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来源期刊

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering Chemical Engineering-Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

11.80%

发文量

812

审稿时长

76 days

期刊介绍： Case Studies in Thermal Engineering provides a forum for the rapid publication of short, structured Case Studies in Thermal Engineering and related Short Communications. It provides an essential compendium of case studies for researchers and practitioners in the field of thermal engineering and others who are interested in aspects of thermal engineering cases that could affect other engineering processes. The journal not only publishes new and novel case studies, but also provides a forum for the publication of high quality descriptions of classic thermal engineering problems. The scope of the journal includes case studies of thermal engineering problems in components, devices and systems using existing experimental and numerical techniques in the areas of mechanical, aerospace, chemical, medical, thermal management for electronics, heat exchangers, regeneration, solar thermal energy, thermal storage, building energy conservation, and power generation. Case studies of thermal problems in other areas will also be considered.