A review on the catalytic pyrolysis of lipids to produce alternative aromatic hydrocarbons: Synthesis of hierarchically porous zeolites and aromatization mechanism

Pengye Song , Shaojie Guo , Menghao Zuo , Xin Wang , Huiyu Qiu , Boxiong Shen
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Abstract

Catalytic pyrolysis of non-edible lipids to produce alternative aromatic hydrocarbons is an important strategy to reduce CO2 emission in the petrochemical industry, which is hindered by coking and quick deactivation of zeolites. Hierarchically porous zeolites can mitigate this problem. In this review, the catalytic pyrolysis of non-edible lipids for aromatic hydrocarbons and the mechanism of aromatization are comprehensively summarized. First, the synthesis of hierarchically porous zeolite catalysts, including hard template methods, soft template methods, and postprocessing methods, which are necessary for further discussion of catalyst applications and aromatization mechanisms, is discussed. Hierarchically porous zeolite catalysts, which retain the excellent catalytic activity and selectivity of microporous zeolites, can essentially and substantially improve mass transfer and diffusion efficiency in zeolites to avoid fast deactivation of catalysts due to coking. Second, the application of hierarchically porous zeolites in aromatic hydrocarbon production is summarized. The loading of metal oxides in hierarchically porous zeolites can largely improve the deoxygenation performance of oxygen-containing lipid feedstocks. This review also discusses the aromatization mechanism used during catalytic pyrolysis to produce renewable liquid products. The formation of olefins or unsaturated groups and dehydrogenation are the critical steps for aromatization. Future research can prioritize the synergistic interaction between micropores and mesopores in hierarchically porous zeolite catalysts. Efforts can also be directed towards rational modification of the acidity of catalysts through methods such as surface modification and support optimization. This review provides necessary information about technologies for the sustainable transformation from fossil fuel-based aromatic hydrocarbons to bio-based aromatic hydrocarbons.

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脂质催化热解制备替代芳烃的研究进展:分级多孔沸石的合成及其芳构化机理
催化热解非食用脂类生产替代芳烃是石化行业减少二氧化碳排放的重要策略,但沸石的焦化和快速失活阻碍了这一策略的实现。分层多孔沸石可以缓解这个问题。本文综述了非食用脂类催化热解制备芳烃的研究进展及其芳构化机理。首先,讨论了层次多孔沸石催化剂的合成方法,包括硬模板法、软模板法和后处理法,这些方法是进一步讨论催化剂应用和芳构化机理所必需的。分级多孔沸石催化剂保留了微孔沸石优良的催化活性和选择性,可以从根本上大幅提高沸石中的传质和扩散效率,避免催化剂因焦化而快速失活。其次,综述了分级多孔沸石在芳烃生产中的应用。在分级多孔沸石中负载金属氧化物可大大提高含氧脂质原料的脱氧性能。综述了催化热解制备可再生液体产物的芳构化机理。烯烃或不饱和基团的形成和脱氢是芳构化的关键步骤。未来的研究应优先考虑微孔和介孔之间的协同作用。还可以通过表面改性和载体优化等方法对催化剂的酸度进行合理的改性。本文综述了以化石燃料为基础的芳烃向生物基芳烃可持续转化的相关技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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