Sustainable paper based cellulose nano-crystal (CNC) impregnated flexible ion exchange membrane (IEM) for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs)

IF 5.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Research Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI:10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113413

Swarnima Mukherjee, Prasenjit Kayal, Suman Das, Mir Wasim Raja

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cellulosic paper is now considered as one of the most sustainable, abundant, low-cost, and flexible substrates that offers plenty of room to fabricate application-specific devices such as transistors, sensors, antennas, thermo-electrics, batteries, etc. Here, we demonstrate a facile industry-friendly approach to fabricate a flexible paper-based proton conducting membrane by impregnating cellulose nano-crystals (CNC) in a paper matrix with the help of polymeric binder poly vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene (PVDF-HFP) for application in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs). The synergy between hydrophilic (CNC) and hydrophobic (PVDF-HFP) phases was found to facilitate water uptake capabilities (37% - 48%), enhance mechanical tension (40–52 MPa), demonstrate effective protonic conductivity (∼10^–3Scm^-1), thermal stability (<300 °C) and chemical stability (in 3 M H₂SO₄) of the developed membrane. A double-decker fabrication machine was also assigned to obtain flexi-IEM in roll form. The physicochemical properties of the ion exchange membrane (IEM) are estimated in detail and duly compared with the commercially available membrane (Nafion).

Abstract Image

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用于钒氧化还原液流电池的可持续纸基纤维素纳米晶浸渍柔性离子交换膜（IEM）

纤维素纸现在被认为是最可持续、最丰富、最低成本和最灵活的基板之一，它为制造晶体管、传感器、天线、热电、电池等特定应用设备提供了充足的空间。在这里，我们展示了一种简单的工业友好的方法，通过在聚合物粘合剂聚偏氟乙烯-共六氟丙烯（PVDF-HFP）的帮助下，将纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）浸没在纸基体中来制造柔性纸基质子导电膜，用于钒氧化还原液流电池（VRFBs）。发现亲水性（CNC）和疏水性（PVDF-HFP）相之间的协同作用促进了膜的吸水能力（37% - 48%），提高了机械张力（40-52 MPa），表现出有效的质子电导率（~ 10 - 3cm -1），热稳定性（<300°C）和化学稳定性（在3m H2SO4中）。设计了一种双层加工机，实现了辊型柔性iem。对离子交换膜（IEM）的物理化学性质进行了详细的估计，并与市售膜（Nafion）进行了适当的比较。

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来源期刊

Materials Research Bulletin 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

5.60%

发文量

372

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Materials Research Bulletin is an international journal reporting high-impact research on processing-structure-property relationships in functional materials and nanomaterials with interesting electronic, magnetic, optical, thermal, mechanical or catalytic properties. Papers purely on thermodynamics or theoretical calculations (e.g., density functional theory) do not fall within the scope of the journal unless they also demonstrate a clear link to physical properties. Topics covered include functional materials (e.g., dielectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, ferroelectrics, relaxors, thermoelectrics, etc.); electrochemistry and solid-state ionics (e.g., photovoltaics, batteries, sensors, and fuel cells); nanomaterials, graphene, and nanocomposites; luminescence and photocatalysis; crystal-structure and defect-structure analysis; novel electronics; non-crystalline solids; flexible electronics; protein-material interactions; and polymeric ion-exchange membranes.