Sustainable valorization of textile industry cotton waste through pyrolysis for biochar production

Cleaner Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2025-03-02 DOI:10.1016/j.clce.2025.100161

Fatema Tujjohra , Md. Ehsanul Haque , Md. Abdul Kader , Mohammed Mizanur Rahman

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Abstract

This study presents a novel and sustainable approach to the valorization of textile spinning industry waste cotton (WC) through direct pyrolysis, converting it into high-quality biochar with enhanced energy potential and structural stability. This research systematically examines the impact of pyrolysis temperature (300–500°C) on biochar yield, composition, and physicochemical properties to optimize conditions for maximum carbon retention and energy efficiency. The results indicate that biochar yield decreased from Biochar yield decreased from 50.5 % at 300°C to 26.7 % at 500°C, while fixed carbon content increased from 59.33 % to 68.65 %. Elemental analysis revealed a rise in carbon content (53.13 % to 73.62 %) and reductions in oxygen (46.7 % to 13.27 %) and hydrogen (6.06 % to 2.79 %), enhancing thermal stability. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated a transition from amorphous cellulose to condensed graphitic carbon at higher temperatures. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) confirmed superior thermal resistance, with biochar retaining 14.7 % of its mass at 800°C. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) revealed key thermal transitions, with the endothermic peak shifting from 65.5°C in raw WC to 79.6°C at 500°C, indicating increased thermal stability. The calorific value peaked at 27.31 MJ/kg at 400°C, making it a promising solid biofuel. Additionally, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis showed a substantial increase in porosity, with the highest specific surface area of 225.24 m²/g at 500°C, improving biochar's potential for adsorption, catalysis, and energy storage. These findings contribute to optimizing pyrolysis conditions for waste cotton valorization, supporting circular economy principles, reducing environmental pollution, and enhancing renewable energy applications. By integrating pyrolysis into textile waste management, this study offers a scalable and eco-friendly strategy for sustainable energy recovery and environmental remediation.

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通过热解生产生物炭实现纺织业棉花废料的可持续增值

本研究提出了一种新的、可持续的方法，通过直接热解将纺织工业废棉（WC）转化为具有更高能量潜力和结构稳定性的优质生物炭。本研究系统考察了热解温度（300-500°C）对生物炭产量、组成和理化性质的影响，以优化最大碳保留和能源效率的条件。结果表明：生物炭产率由300℃时的50.5%下降到500℃时的26.7%，固定碳含量由59.33%上升到68.65%；元素分析表明，碳含量从53.13%上升到73.62%，氧含量从46.7%下降到13.27%，氢含量从6.06%下降到2.79%，热稳定性增强。x射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，在较高的温度下，从无定形纤维素到凝聚石墨碳的转变。热重分析（TGA）证实生物炭具有优异的耐热性，在800°C时保持其质量的14.7%。差示扫描量热法（DSC）显示了关键的热转变，吸热峰从原始WC的65.5°C转移到500°C时的79.6°C，表明热稳定性增加。在400°C时，其热值达到27.31 MJ/kg，是一种很有前途的固体生物燃料。此外，brunauer - emmet - teller （BET）分析显示孔隙度大幅增加，在500°C时比表面积最高，达到225.24 m2/g，提高了生物炭的吸附、催化和储能潜力。这些研究结果有助于优化废棉的热解条件，支持循环经济原则，减少环境污染，促进可再生能源的应用。通过将热解与纺织废物管理相结合，本研究为可持续能源回收和环境修复提供了一种可扩展和环保的策略。

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Cleaner Chemical Engineering

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