Diet, Physical Activity and Depression: Does Gastrointestinal Health Help Explain the Relationship Between Lifestyle Factors and Depression?

IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Deili Sinimeri, Caroline Childs, Dennis Golm
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Abstract

Lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity are involved in the development and maintenance of depression, but the mechanism by which these factors influence mental health remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gastrointestinal health helps explain some of the relationship between these lifestyle factors and depression. The study used a cross-sectional design to compare dietary intake, physical activity and gastrointestinal health in three groups, healthy (n = 235), lifetime depression (n = 161) and current depression (n = 86). Dietary intake was measured by the Fruit And Vegetable VAriety index, N-3 PUFA Food Frequency Questionnaire and Prebiotic and Probiotic Food Frequency Questionnaire. Analysis of variance, Pearson correlations and Hayes PROCESS macro mediation analysis were used to compare the groups and examine the relationships. Physical activity and gastrointestinal health differed significantly between the groups with no differences in overall fruit and vegetable, omega-3 and probiotic food intake. Bootstrapped correlations showed that higher fruit and vegetable and omega-3 intake were associated with lower gastrointestinal symptom and depression scores, but effects were weak. Furthermore, higher occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms was moderately associated with higher depression scores. Results from a series of exploratory mediation analyses suggested that gastrointestinal symptoms mediated the relationship between lifestyle factors and depression status. These data indicate that the effects of lifestyle factors on depression might partly work through the gastrointestinal system. The findings of this study help further understand the mechanisms between dietary intake and physical activity, and depression and can inform future longitudinal and experimental studies.

饮食、体育活动与抑郁症:胃肠道健康是否有助于解释生活方式因素与抑郁症之间的关系?
饮食和体育活动等生活方式因素与抑郁症的发展和维持有关,但这些因素影响心理健康的机制尚不清楚。这项研究的目的是调查胃肠道健康是否有助于解释这些生活方式因素与抑郁症之间的一些关系。该研究采用了横断面设计,比较了健康(n = 235)、终生抑郁(n = 161)和当前抑郁(n = 86)三组的饮食摄入量、体育活动和胃肠道健康状况。膳食摄入量采用果蔬品种指数、N-3 PUFA食物频率问卷和益生元和益生菌食物频率问卷进行测定。采用方差分析、Pearson相关分析和Hayes PROCESS宏观中介分析进行组间比较和关系检验。两组之间的身体活动和胃肠道健康状况存在显著差异,但在水果和蔬菜、omega-3和益生菌食物的总体摄入量方面没有差异。自举相关性显示,摄入较多的水果、蔬菜和omega-3脂肪酸与较低的胃肠道症状和抑郁评分相关,但效果较弱。此外,胃肠道症状的高发生率与高抑郁评分有中度相关性。一系列探索性中介分析结果表明,胃肠道症状在生活方式因素与抑郁状态之间起中介作用。这些数据表明,生活方式因素对抑郁症的影响可能部分通过胃肠道系统起作用。这项研究的发现有助于进一步了解饮食摄入、身体活动和抑郁症之间的机制,并可以为未来的纵向和实验研究提供信息。
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来源期刊
Nutrition Bulletin
Nutrition Bulletin NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
12.10%
发文量
58
期刊介绍: The Nutrition Bulletin provides accessible reviews at the cutting edge of research. Read by researchers and nutritionists working in universities and research institutes; public health nutritionists, dieticians and other health professionals; nutritionists, technologists and others in the food industry; those engaged in higher education including students; and journalists with an interest in nutrition.
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