Actinobacteria Warfare Against the Plant Pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: 2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine Identified as a Bacterial Derived Volatile With Antifungal Activity

IF 5.7 2区 生物学
Katharina Belt, Gavin R. Flematti, Björn Bohman, Heng Chooi, Margaret M. Roper, Lachlan Dow, Andrew W. Truman, Barrie Wilkinson, Karam B. Singh, Louise F. Thatcher
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Abstract

Bacteria and fungi produce a wide range of specialised metabolites, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can act as signals or act directly to inhibit niche-competing microbes. Despite their ecological importance, most VOCs involved as signalling compounds remain uncharacterised. We have previously screened a collection of Actinobacteria strains sourced from Western Australia for their ability in vitro to suppress the growth of plant fungal pathogens. Here we explored the potential of four of the most active strains to produce antifungal metabolites by growing the strains on a range of nutrient-containing media. A casein-based (CYPS) culture medium was found to induce the production of antifungal compounds with high activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a major necrotrophic fungal pathogen of crops such as canola. We further observed that VOCs were produced that influenced pH and affected the bacterium-fungus interaction. The presence of Sclerotinia induced further VOC production in the Actinobacteria. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis identified 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, a compound not identified previously from Actinobacteria, which showed antifungal activity against different isolates of S. sclerotiorum and increased the pH of the medium. Overall, this study showed that Actinobacteria or their volatile products have the potential to be used in the protection of crops against S. sclerotiorum.

Abstract Image

放线菌与植物菌核菌的战争:2,4,6-三甲基吡啶被鉴定为具有抗真菌活性的细菌衍生挥发物
细菌和真菌产生广泛的特殊代谢物,包括挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),它可以作为信号或直接抑制与生态位竞争的微生物。尽管它们具有重要的生态意义,但大多数作为信号化合物的挥发性有机化合物仍未被表征。我们之前筛选了一组来自西澳大利亚的放线菌菌株,因为它们具有体外抑制植物真菌病原体生长的能力。在这里,我们探索了四种最活跃的菌株产生抗真菌代谢物的潜力,通过在一系列含营养的培养基上培养菌株。以酪蛋白为基础(CYPS)的培养基可诱导产生抗菌核菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)活性较高的抗真菌化合物。菌核菌是油菜等作物的主要坏死性真菌病原体。我们进一步观察到,挥发性有机化合物的产生影响了pH值,并影响了细菌与真菌的相互作用。菌核菌的存在诱导放线菌进一步产生挥发性有机化合物。固相微萃取(SPME)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析鉴定出2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,这是一种在放线菌中未发现的化合物,对不同菌核菌均有抑制作用,并能提高培养基的pH值。总之,本研究表明放线菌及其挥发性产物具有用于作物防治菌核菌的潜力。
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来源期刊
Microbial Biotechnology
Microbial Biotechnology Immunology and Microbiology-Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
CiteScore
11.20
自引率
3.50%
发文量
162
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Microbial Biotechnology publishes papers of original research reporting significant advances in any aspect of microbial applications, including, but not limited to biotechnologies related to: Green chemistry; Primary metabolites; Food, beverages and supplements; Secondary metabolites and natural products; Pharmaceuticals; Diagnostics; Agriculture; Bioenergy; Biomining, including oil recovery and processing; Bioremediation; Biopolymers, biomaterials; Bionanotechnology; Biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers; Compatible solutes and bioprotectants; Biosensors, monitoring systems, quantitative microbial risk assessment; Technology development; Protein engineering; Functional genomics; Metabolic engineering; Metabolic design; Systems analysis, modelling; Process engineering; Biologically-based analytical methods; Microbially-based strategies in public health; Microbially-based strategies to influence global processes
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