Psychotic-Like Reasoning Styles in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder? An Experimental Investigation of the Jumping to Conclusions Bias

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1002/cpp.70051

Jakob Scheunemann, Lisa Schilling, Christina Andreou, Steffen Moritz

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Abstract

Introduction

Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) commonly display psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations or delusional/paranoid ideas. We used the fish task to investigate cognitive biases (jumping to conclusions and overcorrection) implicated in the aetiology of psychotic symptoms in patients with BPD.

Methods

Participants received consecutive pieces of information to determine which of two lakes a fisherman was catching fish from. Outcome measures were draws to decision and frequency of premature decisions after just one and after not more than two fish (jumping to conclusions), probability estimate at the time of the decision (decision threshold) and adjustment of the probability estimate after receiving disconfirmatory information (overcorrection). With data aggregated from multiple studies, a total of 170 patients with BPD and 72 healthy controls (parallelized by age, gender and education) participated.

Results

The two groups showed similar draws to decision and frequencies of premature decisions. The decision threshold was also comparable across the groups. However, the patients with BPD showed overcorrection.

Conclusions

The experimental study found no evidence for a jumping to conclusions bias or a lower decision threshold in patients with BPD. The stronger adjustment of probability estimates (overcorrection) in patients with BPD is compatible with the unstable affect, self-image and interpersonal relationships observed in patients with BPD.

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来源期刊

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

106

期刊介绍： Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy aims to keep clinical psychologists and psychotherapists up to date with new developments in their fields. The Journal will provide an integrative impetus both between theory and practice and between different orientations within clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy will be a forum in which practitioners can present their wealth of expertise and innovations in order to make these available to a wider audience. Equally, the Journal will contain reports from researchers who want to address a larger clinical audience with clinically relevant issues and clinically valid research.