\(B_c\) enhancement with non-thermalized bottom quarks in nuclear collisions at large Hadron collider

Abstract

We study \(B_c\) production in high-energy nuclear collisions in a transport approach with dissociation and regeneration at finite temperatures. Due to the rare production in p+p collisions and the strong combination of uncorrelated c and \({\bar{b}}\) quarks in the quark-gluon plasma, the \(B_c\) yield is significantly enhanced in the nuclear collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Moreover, the centrality and momentum-dependent yield of \(B_c\) sensitively reflect the thermalization degree of bottom quarks. And the newly observed experimental data favors a far from the thermal bottom quark distribution in the quark-gluon plasma.