Post-treatment monitoring of surgically treated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients using human papillomavirus cell-free DNA

IF 4 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Oral oncology Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2025.107225

Fabian Rosing , Michaela Plath , Tanja Proctor , Daniela Höfler , Yvonne Alt , Carlota Lucena-Porcel , Tim Waterboer , Jochen Hess , Karim Plath , Lea Schroeder

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

The incidence rate of human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing. Despite good prognosis, recurrence can decrease health-related quality of life and increase mortality, so post-treatment monitoring is important for patient outcomes. One potential biomarker for post-treatment monitoring is HPV cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from blood plasma.

Methods

Plasma samples at start of treatment and during follow-up from 27 OPSCC patients were analyzed for cfDNA of six high-risk HPV types using a multiplex digital PCR assay. Presence of HPV cfDNA was compared to HPV tumor status determined by p16^INK4a immunohistochemistry, HPV DNA, HPV RNA and HPV16 E6 serology.

Results

At start of treatment, sensitivity of HPV cfDNA detection in HPV-driven OPSCC cases was 89 % (17/19), while specificity was 100 % among 39 plasma samples from 8 HPV-negative OPSCC cases. A median of 4 follow-up plasma samples per patient over a mean time of 11 months were available. Positive and negative predictive values during follow-up were assessed on a per-test-basis. HPV cfDNA testing after completion of therapy had a positive predictive value of 100 % for HPV-OPSCC recurrence within one year, and a negative predictive value of 98 %. In cases of recurrent HPV-driven OPSCC, HPV cfDNA was detectable between 3 and 6.8 months before detection of recurrence by routine follow-up examination methods.

Conclusion

Post-treatment monitoring for early detection of recurrence could be aided by testing for HPV cfDNA in HPV-driven OPSCC patients.

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来源期刊

Oral oncology 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

10.40%

发文量

505

审稿时长

20 days

期刊介绍： Oral Oncology is an international interdisciplinary journal which publishes high quality original research, clinical trials and review articles, editorials, and commentaries relating to the etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with neoplasms in the head and neck. Oral Oncology is of interest to head and neck surgeons, radiation and medical oncologists, maxillo-facial surgeons, oto-rhino-laryngologists, plastic surgeons, pathologists, scientists, oral medical specialists, special care dentists, dental care professionals, general dental practitioners, public health physicians, palliative care physicians, nurses, radiologists, radiographers, dieticians, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, nutritionists, clinical and health psychologists and counselors, professionals in end of life care, as well as others interested in these fields.