Development and characterization of ethosomes of Acacia senegal for improved topical treatment of breast cancer

Next Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100556

Sunil T. Galatage , Arehalli S. Manjappa , Kameswara Rao Sankula , Sameer J. Nadaf , Nagineni Sudarshan Rao , Sushma N , Sailaja Gunnam , P. Shyamsundar , Rahul J. Kadam , K. Gourisankar , Potti Lakshmanarao , Mallikarjuna Reddy Kaipu

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Abstract

Background

The quest to improve the effectiveness of anti-breast cancer medicines has diverted the researchers to explore a topical administration of drugs onto the breast. The different parts of Acacia senegal plant (ASP) have showed promising anticancer effects but with marred efficacy. Present research was aimed to develop, optimize, and characterize ASP root and stem bark extract (ASPE)-loaded ethosomes (ASPE-ETH) as carriers for improved topical treatment of breast cancer. Ethosomes were formulated and optimized using 3² factorial design. Optimized ASPE-ETH was evaluated for vesicle size, zeta potential, in vitro skin permeation, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and live deal cell assay etc.

Results

ASPE-ETH appeared as unilamellar nano-vesicles (219 ± 7 nm) with nearly round in shape and had zeta potential of 32.1 ± 2.43 mV. ASPE-ETH demonstrated significant (p < 0.01) in vitro cytotoxicity (IC₅₀: 47.68 ± 1.83 µg/mL) than ASPE (184.3 ± 3.68 µg/mL) against MCF-7 Cells. Compared to ASPE, ASPE-ETH treatment caused apoptosis of large proportion of cancer cells. The above results could be correlated to the increased cell uptake of ASPE-ETH as shown by in vitro cell uptake study. Furthermore, the in-vitro skin permeation study results revealed enhanced penetration of ASPE-ETH into the deeper layers of the skin.

Conclusion

The study results revealed that ASPE-ETH could be used as a potential alternative treatment approach to conventional chemotherapy. However; further in vivo animal studies are required to establish its efficacy in the treatment of breast cancer.

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用于改善乳腺癌局部治疗的塞内加尔刺槐脂质体的开发和表征

为了提高抗乳腺癌药物的有效性，研究人员转而探索一种局部给药到乳房上的方法。塞内加尔刺槐（Acacia senegal， ASP）不同部位均显示出良好的抗癌作用，但其抗癌效果较差。本研究旨在开发、优化和表征ASP根和茎皮提取物（ASPE）负载的酶质体（ASPE- eth）作为改善乳腺癌局部治疗的载体。采用32因子设计对溶酶体进行配方优化。对优化后的ASPE-ETH进行了囊泡大小、zeta电位、体外透皮率、细胞毒性、细胞摄取及活细胞测定等评价。结果ASPE-ETH为单层纳米囊泡（219 ± 7 nm），形状接近圆形，zeta电位为32.1 ± 2.43 mV。ASPE- eth对MCF-7细胞的体外细胞毒性（IC50: 47.68 ± 1.83 µg/mL）显著高于ASPE(184.3 ± 3.68 µg/mL) （p <； 0.01）。与ASPE相比，ASPE- eth治疗可导致更大比例的癌细胞凋亡。上述结果可能与体外细胞摄取研究显示的ASPE-ETH的细胞摄取增加有关。此外，体外皮肤渗透研究结果显示，ASPE-ETH对皮肤深层的渗透增强。结论研究结果表明，ASPE-ETH可作为常规化疗的替代治疗方法。然而;需要进一步的体内动物研究来确定其治疗乳腺癌的有效性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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