High-gain dual-band antenna with independent frequency operation for Sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave applications

Abstract

This work presents an innovative dual-band hybrid antenna designed to achieve high gain and superior isolation, catering to both microwave and millimeter-wave applications. The proposed design integrates a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) for the microwave band and patch ring resonators for the mm-wave band, providing distinct and optimized operation in each frequency range. The antenna design incorporates multiple stages: initially, the CDRA is tailored for efficient microwave performance; next, the patch resonators are configured for mm-wave operation. These components are then combined strategically to ensure compatibility and minimal interference between bands. To enhance the antenna’s functionality, selective filters are applied—specifically, a Low Pass Filter (LPF) for the microwave band and a Band Pass Filter (BPF) for the mm-wave band—mitigating harmonic distortion and improving spectral purity. Additionally, shorting pins are introduced to boost isolation levels between the bands. The resulting antenna achieves notable performance metrics, including bandwidths of 11.7% at 5.8 GHz and 14.3% at 28 GHz, with maximum realized gains of 12.3 dBi and 17.2 dBi, respectively. It also demonstrates exceptional isolation, surpassing 54 dB and 51 dB for the microwave and mm-wave bands. The innovative integration of these design elements enables independent frequency responses, making the proposed antenna a compelling solution for next-generation dual-band communication systems.