Experimental investigation of deflagration of selected industrial dusts during large-scale tests

Abstract

This study presents an experimental investigation of the deflagration characteristics of selected industrial dusts during large-scale testing. The aim of the research was to assess the ignition and explosion behaviours of various dust samples commonly encountered in industrial environments, such as metal, coal, and organic dusts. Large-scale tests were conducted in a controlled environment using a standard explosion chamber and in particular experimental adits stamped in the limestone massif equipped by pressure sensors and flame monitoring devices. The tests focused on key parameters, including pressure rise and flame propagation velocity to understand the deflagration properties of the dusts.

The materials mentioned below, which are found in powder form in production industrial operations, either as a finished product or as a layer of settled dust, were tested in turn. The tests were aimed at determining the explosion parameters of the selected materials in a confined space with predominantly 1D propagation. Specifically, the parameters studied were the lower explosive limit, the maximum flame front range, the maximum flame front velocity and the maximum pressure wave velocity. The materials that were tested are found in certain types of industrial operations. This is mainly the field of energy, food industry, metal processing industry, wood industry or agriculture. Brown coal, flour, aluminium dust and wood dust were used as samples. Explosion parameters were determined for all substances.

The experiments have highlighted how, from the point of view of dust explosion prevention and the study of dust explosiveness, different environments, geometries and combustible systems (mixtures) cause different manifestations and, with that, consequences on the surroundings. The findings contribute to a better understanding of dust explosion risks in industrial settings, highlighting the importance of tailored safety measures and dust control strategies to mitigate hazards. This study provides valuable insights for improving explosion prevention and protection systems in industries handling combustible dusts.