Study on the flame retarding mechanism of HFC-134a on hydrocarbon refrigerants

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.018

Rui Zhai , Xiang Li , Yuan Zhuang , Bin Ye , Xiangnong Liu , Qingqing Li , Lei Tang , Ke Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Hydrocarbons (HCs) are ideal candidates for the long-term environmentally friendly refrigerants due to their excellent advantages in environmental protection and energy efficiency. But the flammability properties limit their wide application. To address it, this study focused on the inhibition mechanism of HFC-134a on the combustion processes of hydrocarbon refrigerants (HC-50, HC-170, HC-290 and HC-600a). A kinetic model of HCs/HFC-134a combustion was established to compared the effects of HFC-134a on the adiabatic flame temperature, laminar burning velocity, key species and radical reactions. The results showed that the addition of HFC-134a significantly reduced the adiabatic flame temperatures and laminar burning velocities of hydrocarbons. The concentration analysis of products and rate of production (ROP) revealed that HFC-134a promoted the productions of flame retarding groups CF, CF₂, CF₃, and CHF, while consumed the concentrations of flammable radicals H, O, and OH. Furthermore, sensitivity and reaction path analysis proved the suppressing actions of HFC-134a. It was concluded that HFC-134a not only changed the reaction paths and sensitivity coefficients, but also transformed the promotion path into inhibitory path in combustion. These effects achieved effective inhibition on the combustion processes of HCs. The results of this paper not only supported the safe application of hydrocarbon refrigerants, but also provided new ideas for the development of new efficient flame retardants.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

12.80%

发文量

363

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Refrigeration is published for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) by Elsevier. It is essential reading for all those wishing to keep abreast of research and industrial news in refrigeration, air conditioning and associated fields. This is particularly important in these times of rapid introduction of alternative refrigerants and the emergence of new technology. The journal has published special issues on alternative refrigerants and novel topics in the field of boiling, condensation, heat pumps, food refrigeration, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrocarbons, magnetic refrigeration at room temperature, sorptive cooling, phase change materials and slurries, ejector technology, compressors, and solar cooling. As well as original research papers the International Journal of Refrigeration also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of discussion and controversy. Other features include forthcoming events, conference reports and book reviews. Papers are published in either English or French with the IIR news section in both languages.