Removal of contaminants from liquid after the hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge using a combination of membrane techniques and struvite precipitation

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI:10.1016/j.wri.2025.100285

Klaudia Szkadłubowicz , Agnieszka Urbanowska , Maciej Śliz , Izabela Kalemba-Rec , Małgorzata Wilk

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Abstract

Post-processing liquid (HTCL), generated from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sewage sludge, is a highly organic by-product and one of the primary challenges of this technology. To enable its sustainable treatment, a combination of membrane techniques and nutrient recovery via struvite precipitation was applied. Accordingly, the performance of HTCL as well as the liquid resulting from the struvite precipitation (HTCLS) has been investigated in conjunction with the use of ceramic and polymeric membranes. Three types of ceramic membranes and eleven polymeric membranes were tested in consideration of permeate properties and specific membrane characteristics. In addition, the influence of struvite precipitation on the properties of the membrane and resulting permeates were investigated.

Results

demonstrated that permeate properties vary significantly among membrane types. Generally, for HTCL, the NPO30P membrane provided the most effective filtration, achieving a reduction of 24.4 % in NH₄⁺ and 22 % in nitrogen compounds. In the case of HTCLS, the PES 5 kDa membrane resulted in the highest contaminant reduction, for example decreasing NH₄⁺ levels by 68.8 % and nitrogen compounds by 52 %. Permeate physical and chemical characteristics, such as pH, conductivity and COD, also differed significantly between HTCL and HTCSL processes. For instance, COD values for HTCL ranged from 27390 to 12100 mg/L, while for HTCSL permeates, it was 26480 to 11210 mg/L, indicating a lower level of organic contaminants following struvite precipitation. Membrane fouling occurred more rapidly during HTCL filtration compared to HTCSL, with an increase in membrane relative permeability of 9–74 % observed for HTCLS compared to HTCL.

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利用膜技术和鸟粪石沉淀相结合的方法去除污水污泥水热碳化后液体中的污染物

污水污泥水热炭化（HTC）产生的后处理液（HTCL）是一种高度有机的副产物，也是该技术的主要挑战之一。为了使其可持续处理，采用膜技术和鸟粪石沉淀回收营养物相结合的方法。因此，结合陶瓷膜和聚合物膜的使用，研究了HTCL的性能以及鸟粪石沉淀产生的液体（HTCLS）。考察了3种陶瓷膜和11种聚合物膜的渗透性能和膜的特性。此外，还研究了鸟粪石沉淀对膜性能的影响以及所产生的渗透物。结果表明，不同膜类型的渗透性能差异显著。一般来说，对于HTCL， NPO30P膜提供了最有效的过滤，NH4+减少24.4%，氮化合物减少22%。在HTCLS的情况下，PES 5kda膜导致最高的污染物减少，例如NH4+水平降低了68.8%，氮化合物降低了52%。HTCL和HTCSL工艺的渗透物理化特性，如pH、电导率和COD也存在显著差异。例如，HTCL的COD值为27390 ~ 12100 mg/L，而HTCSL的渗透物COD值为26480 ~ 11210 mg/L，表明鸟粪石沉淀后的有机污染物水平较低。与HTCL相比，HTCL过滤过程中膜污染发生得更快，与HTCL相比，HTCL的膜相对渗透率增加了9 - 74%。

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来源期刊

Water Resources and Industry Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

75 days

期刊介绍： Water Resources and Industry moves research to innovation by focusing on the role industry plays in the exploitation, management and treatment of water resources. Different industries use radically different water resources in their production processes, while they produce, treat and dispose a wide variety of wastewater qualities. Depending on the geographical location of the facilities, the impact on the local resources will vary, pre-empting the applicability of one single approach. The aims and scope of the journal include: -Industrial water footprint assessment - an evaluation of tools and methodologies -What constitutes good corporate governance and policy and how to evaluate water-related risk -What constitutes good stakeholder collaboration and engagement -New technologies enabling companies to better manage water resources -Integration of water and energy and of water treatment and production processes in industry