Impact of FcRn antagonism on vaccine-induced protective immune responses against viral challenge in COVID-19 and influenza mouse vaccination models.

IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-03 DOI:10.1080/21645515.2025.2470542
Prajakta Warang, Gagandeep Singh, Mahan Moshir, Ornella Binazon, Gabriel Laghlali, Lauren A Chang, Heidi Wouters, Peter Vanhoenacker, Margo Notebaert, Nadia Elhemdaoui, Kateřina Augustynková, Sophie Steeland, Peter Ulrichts, Judith Baumeister, Michael Schotsaert
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Antagonism of the neonatal Fc receptor through an engineered antibody Fc fragment, such as efgartigimod, results in a decrease in immunoglobulin G levels. This approach is being evaluated as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IgG-mediated autoimmune diseases. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of mFc-ABDEG, a mouse-adapted antibody Fc fragment with a mode of action highly similar to efgartigimod, on vaccine-induced protective immune responses against viral infections. Therefore, mouse vaccination models for COVID-19 and influenza were employed, utilizing an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (COMIRNATY) and an adjuvanted, inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (Seqirus+AddaVax), respectively. In both models, vaccination induced robust humoral responses. As expected, animals treated with mFc-ABDEG had lower levels of virus-specific IgG, while virus-specific IgM responses remained unaffected. The COVID-19 vaccine induced a strong Th1-type T cell response irrespective of mFc-ABDEG treatment. Influenza vaccination resulted in a poor T cell induction, regardless of mFc-ABDEG treatment, due to the Th2-biased response that inactivated influenza vaccines typically induce. Importantly, mFc-ABDEG treatment had no effect on protective immunity against live viral challenges in both models. Vaccinated animals treated with mFc-ABDEG were equally protected as the non-treated vaccinated controls. These non-clinical data demonstrate that FcRn antagonism with mFc-ABDEG did not affect the generation of vaccine-induced protective humoral and cellular responses, or protection against viral challenges. These data substantiate the clinical observations that, although IgG titers were reduced, FcRn antagonism with efgartigimod did not impair the ability to generate new specific IgG responses, regardless of the timing of vaccination.

FcRn拮抗剂对COVID-19和流感小鼠疫苗接种模型中疫苗诱导的抗病毒攻击保护性免疫反应的影响
通过工程抗体Fc片段(如efgartigimod)拮抗新生儿Fc受体,可导致免疫球蛋白G水平降低。这种方法正在被评估为治疗igg介导的自身免疫性疾病的治疗策略。我们的目标是评估mFc-ABDEG(一种小鼠适应抗体Fc片段,其作用模式与efgartigimod高度相似)对疫苗诱导的针对病毒感染的保护性免疫反应的影响。因此,采用小鼠COVID-19和流感疫苗模型,分别使用mRNA COVID-19疫苗(COMIRNATY)和佐剂灭活四价流感疫苗(Seqirus+AddaVax)。在这两种模型中,疫苗接种诱导了强烈的体液反应。正如预期的那样,用mFc-ABDEG治疗的动物具有较低水平的病毒特异性IgG,而病毒特异性IgM反应未受影响。无论mFc-ABDEG是否治疗,COVID-19疫苗都能诱导强烈的th1型T细胞反应。不管mFc-ABDEG治疗如何,流感疫苗接种导致T细胞诱导不良,这是由于灭活流感疫苗通常诱导的th2偏倚反应。重要的是,在两种模型中,mFc-ABDEG治疗对抗活病毒攻击的保护性免疫没有影响。接种mFc-ABDEG的动物与未接种疫苗的对照组一样受到保护。这些非临床数据表明,mFc-ABDEG对FcRn的拮抗作用不影响疫苗诱导的保护性体液和细胞反应的产生,也不影响对病毒攻击的保护。这些数据证实了临床观察,尽管IgG滴度降低,但无论接种时间如何,efgartigimod对FcRn的拮抗作用都不会损害产生新的特异性IgG反应的能力。
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来源期刊
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
489
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: (formerly Human Vaccines; issn 1554-8619) Vaccine research and development is extending its reach beyond the prevention of bacterial or viral diseases. There are experimental vaccines for immunotherapeutic purposes and for applications outside of infectious diseases, in diverse fields such as cancer, autoimmunity, allergy, Alzheimer’s and addiction. Many of these vaccines and immunotherapeutics should become available in the next two decades, with consequent benefit for human health. Continued advancement in this field will benefit from a forum that can (A) help to promote interest by keeping investigators updated, and (B) enable an exchange of ideas regarding the latest progress in the many topics pertaining to vaccines and immunotherapeutics. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics provides such a forum. It is published monthly in a format that is accessible to a wide international audience in the academic, industrial and public sectors.
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