TB yields from expanded contact tracing investigations.

IF 1.3 Q4 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.5588/pha.24.0052

A Madan, A A Malik, M B Brooks

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Abstract

Background: TB poses a significant global health challenge due to a substantial case-detection gap. Traditional contact tracing primarily targets contacts of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB index patients, often excluding pediatric, clinically diagnosed, and extrapulmonary cases. This review assessed the potential of expanding contact tracing to these frequently overlooked subgroups.

Methods: We conducted a focused, targeted literature review by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Lens.org using identified keywords. A title and abstract review was conducted using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Results: We identified 13 relevant studies reporting contact tracing yields from these index patient groups. Contact tracing of pediatric, clinically diagnosed, and extrapulmonary TB index patients yielded up to 8.1%, 3.0%, and 2.1% for active disease and up to 17.9%, 12.6%, and 11.1% for TB infection, respectively.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that expanding contact tracing for these typically excluded index patients can improve case detection. By refining contact tracing protocols and adopting more inclusive strategies, TB programs can enhance case detection rates and improve overall disease control efforts, aligning with global goals for TB elimination.

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扩大接触者追踪调查产生结核病。

背景：结核病是一项重大的全球卫生挑战，因为在病例检测方面存在巨大差距。传统的接触者追踪主要针对细菌学证实的肺结核指数患者的接触者，通常不包括儿科、临床诊断和肺外病例。本综述评估了将接触者追踪扩大到这些经常被忽视的亚群的潜力。方法：通过检索PubMed、Web of Science、谷歌Scholar和Lens.org等关键词，进行有针对性的文献综述。使用预定义的纳入/排除标准进行标题和摘要审查。结果：我们确定了13项相关研究，报告了这些指数患者组的接触者追踪结果。对儿童、临床诊断和肺外结核指数患者进行接触者追踪，活动性疾病的追踪率分别高达8.1%、3.0%和2.1%，结核病感染的追踪率分别高达17.9%、12.6%和11.1%。结论：研究结果表明，扩大对这些通常被排除在外的指数患者的接触者追踪可以提高病例检出率。通过完善接触者追踪协议和采取更具包容性的战略，结核病规划可以提高病例检出率，改善总体疾病控制工作，与消除结核病的全球目标保持一致。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Public Health Action RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-

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期刊介绍： Launched on 1 May 2011, Public Health Action (PHA) is an official publication of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union). It is an open access, online journal available world-wide to physicians, health workers, researchers, professors, students and decision-makers, including public health centres, medical, university and pharmaceutical libraries, hospitals, clinics, foundations and institutions. PHA is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal that actively encourages, communicates and reports new knowledge, dialogue and controversy in health systems and services for people in vulnerable and resource-limited communities — all topics that reflect the mission of The Union, Health solutions for the poor.