Aline K Honingh, Astrid Kok, Mitchel Mesker, Johannes C F Ket, Erik Olsman, Bert Veneberg, Paula S Sterkenburg
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The ageing process of adults with a disability may differ from the typical ageing process, yet few studies have addressed ageing of adults who are blind. However, a broad scope of literature exists on ageing with a visual impairment that includes adults who are blind. People who are blind may age differently than people with a visual impairment. Furthermore, it cannot be inferred from studies on the ageing of visually impaired adults that changes are due to the ageing process alone, since vision may decline further as well. This article presents a scoping review of studies on the ageing of adults who are blind, examining the areas of decline due to ageing, differences compared to non-blind adults, additional contributing factors and support. A systematic literature search was performed from inception up to July-October 2023 in Scopus, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo and Web of Science. Thirteen articles met the eligibility criteria. Analysis led to four broad areas: physical, sensory, cognitive and psychological. In several of these areas, the decline due to ageing was similar for people who were blind or non-blind. Declines specific to people who were blind were in spatial memory and engagement to the outer world. Two abilities were identified where blind people outperformed sighted people: attention and working memory and active tactile acuity. Overall, ageing blind adults were shown to have additional risks and hence need extra support. Interventions may focus on physical and cognitive exercise, braille training, risk screening, education and social activities. More research is needed to replicate studies and disambiguate results, to include areas that have not been investigated specifically for this group, to differentiate between different types of blindness and to investigate systematically the needs and support of blind adults who are ageing.
残疾成人的衰老过程可能与典型的衰老过程不同,但很少有研究涉及盲人成人的衰老。然而,关于视力受损的衰老的文献范围很广,其中包括失明的成年人。失明的人与有视力障碍的人的年龄可能不同。此外,不能从对视障成人衰老的研究中推断出变化仅仅是由于衰老过程,因为视力也可能进一步下降。这篇文章提出了一个范围审查研究的成年人谁是盲人的老龄化,检查下降的领域由于老龄化,与非盲人相比的差异,额外的贡献因素和支持。系统检索了Scopus, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo和Web of Science从成立到2023年7 - 10月的文献。13篇文章符合入选标准。分析导致了四个广泛的领域:身体,感官,认知和心理。在其中的几个领域,失明或非失明的人由于衰老而导致的衰退是相似的。在空间记忆和对外部世界的参与方面,盲人的下降尤为明显。研究发现,盲人在两项能力上优于正常人:注意力、工作记忆和活跃的触觉敏锐度。总的来说,老年失明的成年人有额外的风险,因此需要额外的支持。干预措施可能侧重于身体和认知锻炼、盲文训练、风险筛查、教育和社会活动。需要更多的研究来重复研究和消除结果的歧义,包括尚未针对这一群体进行专门调查的领域,区分不同类型的失明,并系统地调查老年失明成年人的需求和支持。
期刊介绍:
Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics, first published in 1925, is a leading international interdisciplinary journal that addresses basic and applied questions pertinent to contemporary research in vision science and optometry.
OPO publishes original research papers, technical notes, reviews and letters and will interest researchers, educators and clinicians concerned with the development, use and restoration of vision.