Cellular immune breadth of an Omicron-specific, self-amplifying monovalent mRNA vaccine booster for COVID-19.

IF 6.9 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1038/s41541-025-01076-2

Durgesh Kumar, Kshitij Gaikwad, Rushank Gunnale, Sandeep Vishwakarma, Shalu Shukla, Shalini Srivastava, Janhavi Gopal, Bhalchandra Vaidya, Amit Saraf, Rohan Gurjar, Swarnendu Kaviraj, Ajay Singh, Arjun Raghuwanshi, Praveen Agarwal, Laxman Savergave, Sanjay Singh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Selecting a booster vaccine strategy that generates cellular immune breadth is crucial for effectively recalling cellular reservoirs upon infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. This post hoc analysis from a multicentre, randomized phase 3 study (CTRI/2022/10/046475) compared the cellular immune breadth induced by self-replicating mRNA (samRNA) vaccine GEMCOVAC-OM, encoding Omicron B.1.1.529 Spike protein, with the adenovector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, encoding Wuhan variant Spike protein, when administered as a booster. GEMCOVAC-OM elicited significant expansion of memory B-cells (MBCs) specific to Omicron B.1.1.529, compared to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. GEMCOVAC-OM also induced more B-cells reactive to Omicron XBB.1.5 and BA.2.86 Spike proteins. Additionally, GEMCOVAC-OM triggered higher frequencies of Omicron-Spike-specific T-cells, including stem cell, central, and effector memory subsets. In summary, while ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 showed some cross-reactivity, GEMCOVAC-OM induced a more targeted immune response. GEMCOVAC-OM offers a broader, longer-lasting immunity, making it a promising candidate for future vaccine development and global distribution.

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来源期刊

NPJ Vaccines Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

4.30%

发文量

146

审稿时长

11 weeks

期刊介绍： Online-only and open access, npj Vaccines is dedicated to highlighting the most important scientific advances in vaccine research and development.