Cellular immune breadth of an Omicron-specific, self-amplifying monovalent mRNA vaccine booster for COVID-19.

IF 6.9 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1038/s41541-025-01076-2

Durgesh Kumar, Kshitij Gaikwad, Rushank Gunnale, Sandeep Vishwakarma, Shalu Shukla, Shalini Srivastava, Janhavi Gopal, Bhalchandra Vaidya, Amit Saraf, Rohan Gurjar, Swarnendu Kaviraj, Ajay Singh, Arjun Raghuwanshi, Praveen Agarwal, Laxman Savergave, Sanjay Singh

{"title":"Cellular immune breadth of an Omicron-specific, self-amplifying monovalent mRNA vaccine booster for COVID-19.","authors":"Durgesh Kumar, Kshitij Gaikwad, Rushank Gunnale, Sandeep Vishwakarma, Shalu Shukla, Shalini Srivastava, Janhavi Gopal, Bhalchandra Vaidya, Amit Saraf, Rohan Gurjar, Swarnendu Kaviraj, Ajay Singh, Arjun Raghuwanshi, Praveen Agarwal, Laxman Savergave, Sanjay Singh","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01076-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selecting a booster vaccine strategy that generates cellular immune breadth is crucial for effectively recalling cellular reservoirs upon infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. This post hoc analysis from a multicentre, randomized phase 3 study (CTRI/2022/10/046475) compared the cellular immune breadth induced by self-replicating mRNA (samRNA) vaccine GEMCOVAC-OM, encoding Omicron B.1.1.529 Spike protein, with the adenovector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, encoding Wuhan variant Spike protein, when administered as a booster. GEMCOVAC-OM elicited significant expansion of memory B-cells (MBCs) specific to Omicron B.1.1.529, compared to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. GEMCOVAC-OM also induced more B-cells reactive to Omicron XBB.1.5 and BA.2.86 Spike proteins. Additionally, GEMCOVAC-OM triggered higher frequencies of Omicron-Spike-specific T-cells, including stem cell, central, and effector memory subsets. In summary, while ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 showed some cross-reactivity, GEMCOVAC-OM induced a more targeted immune response. GEMCOVAC-OM offers a broader, longer-lasting immunity, making it a promising candidate for future vaccine development and global distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873296/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"NPJ Vaccines","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01076-2","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Selecting a booster vaccine strategy that generates cellular immune breadth is crucial for effectively recalling cellular reservoirs upon infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. This post hoc analysis from a multicentre, randomized phase 3 study (CTRI/2022/10/046475) compared the cellular immune breadth induced by self-replicating mRNA (samRNA) vaccine GEMCOVAC-OM, encoding Omicron B.1.1.529 Spike protein, with the adenovector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, encoding Wuhan variant Spike protein, when administered as a booster. GEMCOVAC-OM elicited significant expansion of memory B-cells (MBCs) specific to Omicron B.1.1.529, compared to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. GEMCOVAC-OM also induced more B-cells reactive to Omicron XBB.1.5 and BA.2.86 Spike proteins. Additionally, GEMCOVAC-OM triggered higher frequencies of Omicron-Spike-specific T-cells, including stem cell, central, and effector memory subsets. In summary, while ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 showed some cross-reactivity, GEMCOVAC-OM induced a more targeted immune response. GEMCOVAC-OM offers a broader, longer-lasting immunity, making it a promising candidate for future vaccine development and global distribution.

查看原文本刊更多论文

一种欧米克隆特异性、自扩增单价mRNA疫苗增强剂对COVID-19的细胞免疫广度

选择能够产生细胞免疫广度的加强疫苗策略对于在感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 （SARS-CoV-2）变体后有效召回细胞储存库至关重要。这项多中心随机3期研究（CTRI/2022/10/046475）的回顾性分析比较了编码Omicron B.1.1.529 Spike蛋白的自我复制mRNA （samRNA）疫苗GEMCOVAC-OM与编码武汉变异Spike蛋白的腺载体疫苗ChAdOx1 nCoV-19作为增强剂使用时诱导的细胞免疫广度。与ChAdOx1 nCoV-19相比，gemcovaco - om诱导了Omicron B.1.1.529特异性记忆b细胞（MBCs）的显著扩增。GEMCOVAC-OM还能诱导更多的b细胞对Omicron XBB.1.5和BA.2.86 Spike蛋白产生反应。此外，GEMCOVAC-OM触发了更高频率的ommicron - spike特异性t细胞，包括干细胞、中枢和效应记忆亚群。综上所述，ChAdOx1 nCoV-19表现出一定的交叉反应性，而GEMCOVAC-OM诱导了更有针对性的免疫反应。GEMCOVAC-OM提供更广泛、更持久的免疫，使其成为未来疫苗开发和全球分销的有希望的候选疫苗。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

NPJ Vaccines Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

4.30%

发文量

146

审稿时长

11 weeks

期刊介绍： Online-only and open access, npj Vaccines is dedicated to highlighting the most important scientific advances in vaccine research and development.