Maturation-Dependent Variations in Force-Velocity Profiles and Relationship with Spike Jump Performance in Female Volleyball Players.

Abstract

Objectives: This research explores the vertical force-velocity (FV) profiles of female volleyball players at different maturation stages and examines the correlation between these profiles and spike jump.

Methods: Forty-two volleyball players (≥1 year training) were grouped by maturation stage-pre-PHV (n=9), mid-PHV (n=14), or post-PHV (n=19)-determined using anthropometric measurements (standing height, sitting height, leg length, and weight) and the Mirwald method to estimate maturity offset. FV profiles were assessed using Samozino's method with countermovement jumps under different loads. ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests analyzed group differences, while correlation analysis explored links between FV profiles and spike jump height (SJ).

Results: Significant variances were observed among maturity groups concerning FV profile parameters, which included maximal force (F₀), maximal velocity (V₀), and maximal power (P_max) (p<0.05, η²=0.19-0.69). Players at more advanced maturity stages demonstrated higher force parameters yet lower velocity values. Furthermore, only weak correlations emerged between spike jump height and parameters such as F₀ and P_max (p<0.05, r=0.31-0.39).

Conclusion: Post-PHV female volleyball players exhibited greater force production, but lower velocity compared to pre- and mid-PHV players. The weak correlations between force-velocity profiles and spike jump height suggest that other factors may contribute to spike jump performance. Further research is needed to elucidate these determinants across different maturation stages.