A novel Ni–Mo–W–V martensitic steel for hot working dies: Improved elevated–temperature mechanical properties and wear resistance via thermally stable MC nanoprecipitates

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI:10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110618

Junyu Chen , Pengfei Jin , Shujing Wang , Chenhui Zhu , Minheng Xu , ZhiQiang Jia , Xiao Liu , Chao Zhao , Cheng Zhang , Jinfeng Huang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

With the continuous advancement of industrial technologies, there is an increasing demand for hot working dies that can withstand higher operational temperatures and more severe loading conditions. Consequently, hot working die steels must exhibit exceptional elevated temperature strength to improve wear resistance. In this study, a martensitic low–alloy 23CrNi3Mo2WV (PG) steel is developed by incorporating Mo, W, and V to promote the precipitation of MC nanoscale carbides. Experimental results demonstrate that the ultimate tensile strength of PG reaches 543 ± 15 MPa at 700 °C, which is 322 ± 20 MPa higher than that of 5CrNiMo steel. Furthermore, the wear rate of PG is 4.39 ± 0.24 × 10^–7 mm³/N/m after a wear test at 500 °C, significantly lower than that of 5CrNiMo. Microstructural analysis further reveals the precipitation of needle–like MC nanocarbides in the PG steel after tempering, which exhibits higher thermal stability relative to M₃C carbides in the 5CrNiMo steel. The MC carbides follow a Baker–Nutting (B–N) orientation relationship (OR) of

{(100)}_{MC} {/ / (100)}_{α'}

with the martensitic matrix, and this B–N OR is remained following the wear test at 500 °C. This stable orientation relationship in PG steel contributes to the higher strength and lower wear rate compared to 5CrNiMo steel. Therefore, PG steel is a promising material for hot working die applications, offering an extended service life at elevated temperatures.

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来源期刊

Tribology International 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

16.10%

发文量

627

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： Tribology is the science of rubbing surfaces and contributes to every facet of our everyday life, from live cell friction to engine lubrication and seismology. As such tribology is truly multidisciplinary and this extraordinary breadth of scientific interest is reflected in the scope of Tribology International. Tribology International seeks to publish original research papers of the highest scientific quality to provide an archival resource for scientists from all backgrounds. Written contributions are invited reporting experimental and modelling studies both in established areas of tribology and emerging fields. Scientific topics include the physics or chemistry of tribo-surfaces, bio-tribology, surface engineering and materials, contact mechanics, nano-tribology, lubricants and hydrodynamic lubrication.