Short Report: Influence of Dark Chocolate Intake on Magnesium Status in Hemodialysis Patients

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Journal of Renal Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1053/j.jrn.2025.02.002

Julie Ann Kemp PhD , Susane Fanton MSc , Beatriz G. Baptista MSc , Marcia Ribeiro MSc , Ludmila F.M.F. Cardozo PhD , Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves PhD , Denise Mafra PhD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Magnesium (Mg²⁺) deficiency can be observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with increased inflammation, disease progression, and mortality. Dark chocolate is an excellent source of Mg²⁺. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 70% cocoa chocolate intake on Mg²⁺ serum levels in patients with CKD on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods

These are secondary analyses from a previous controlled pilot study. The study included 59 patients undergoing HD. Patients were allocated into 2 groups: dark chocolate and the control group. The dark chocolate group received 40 g of 70% cocoa chocolate for 2 months during HD sessions (3 times a week). The control group did not receive any intervention. Mg²⁺ was evaluated by a colorimetric test using a commercial kit (Bioclin®). NCT04600258 on March 1, 2020, retrospectively registered.

Results

Thirty-five patients in the dark chocolate group (17 women, 53.4 ± 12.9 years) and 11 in the control group (4 women, 46.7 ± 10.9 years) completed the study. The median (interquartile range) overall Mg²⁺ serum levels were 2.4 (0.4) mg/dL, with no significant differences between the groups. After 2 months of supplementation, serum levels of Mg²⁺ increased significantly in the dark chocolate group from 2.5 (2.4˗2.6) to 2.7 (2.6˗2.8) mg/dL (P < .01). No change was observed in potassium and phosphorus plasma levels.

Conclusions

Dark chocolate might be a promising nutritional strategy to improve Mg²⁺ levels in patients with CKD on HD. The offered dose was safe, not altering plasma phosphorus and potassium levels.

Abstract Image

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短报告：黑巧克力摄入对血液透析患者镁状态的影响。

目的：慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者会出现镁（Mg2+）缺乏症，并与炎症、疾病进展和死亡率增加有关。黑巧克力是镁的最佳来源。本研究旨在评估摄入 70% 可可巧克力对接受血液透析（HD）的慢性肾脏病患者血清镁水平的影响。研究包括 59 名接受血液透析的患者。患者被分为两组：巧克力组和对照组。巧克力组在两个月的时间里，在血液透析过程中服用 40 克 70% 可可巧克力（每周 3 次）。对照组不接受任何干预。通过使用商业试剂盒（Bioclin®）进行比色测试来评估 Mg2+。[结果：巧克力组 35 名患者（17 名女性，53.4 ± 12.9 岁）和对照组 11 名患者（4 名女性，46.7 ± 10.9 岁）完成了研究。总体 Mg2+ 血清水平的中位数（四分位数间距）为 2.4 (0.4) mg/dL，组间无显著差异。补充两个月后，巧克力组的血清 Mg2+ 水平从 2.5（2.4-2.6）毫克/分升显著升高至 2.7（2.6-2.8）毫克/分升（p结论：黑巧克力可能是改善接受血液透析治疗的慢性肾脏病患者体内 Mg2+ 水平的一种有前途的营养策略。提供的剂量是安全的，不会改变血浆磷和钾的水平。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Renal Nutrition 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

146

审稿时长

6.7 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Renal Nutrition is devoted exclusively to renal nutrition science and renal dietetics. Its content is appropriate for nutritionists, physicians and researchers working in nephrology. Each issue contains a state-of-the-art review, original research, articles on the clinical management and education of patients, a current literature review, and nutritional analysis of food products that have clinical relevance.