A green three-ratio manipulating spectrophotometric approaches for the determination of a binary mixture of pantoprazole and domperidone

Abstract

Background

Pantoprazole (PAN) is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat GERD and hyperacidity by suppressing gastric acid secretion, effectively relieving symptoms such as heartburn, acid regurgitation, and indigestion. Domperidone (DOM) is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastrointestinal motility, helping to alleviate nausea, vomiting, and bloating caused by motility disorders. Their combination (Pantosec-D) provides rapid and comprehensive relief from both acid-related and motility-related symptoms, significantly improving patient comfort and quality of life.

Objective

This study aims to develop and validate three eco-friendly spectrophotometric techniques—ratio difference (RD), first derivative (1DD), and mean centering (MC) of ratio spectra—for the simultaneous determination of PAN and DOM in pharmaceutical formulations.

Method

The proposed methods resolve spectral overlap through ratio spectra manipulation. In the RD method, DOM is quantified by measuring the amplitude difference at 209 nm and 233 nm, while PAN is determined at 254 nm and 223 nm. The ¹DD method detects DOM at 215 nm and PAN at 249 nm, whereas the MC method quantifies PAN at 254 nm and DOM at 209 nm.

Results

The suggested methods were validated according to ICH regulations. Pharmaceutical formulations comprising PAN and DOM were effectively analyzed using the linear correlations obtained for both drugs over concentration ranges of 0.5–52 µg/mL and 1–18 µg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion

Compared with reported spectrophotometric techniques, ratio methods are especially beneficial for routine pharmaceutical analysis due to their ease of use, capacity for handling overlapping spectra, and robustness to experimental variations. Compared with reported chromatographic methods, these techniques provide easy-to-use, reasonably priced, less solvent, and dependable substitutes for the standard quality control of these medications in pharmaceutical dosage forms.