Agricultural practices influence phosphorus transport and ecosystem health in rice-paddy systems: Insights from HYDRUS-1D simulations

IF 6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2025.109581

Shuoshuo Liang , Qingnan Chu , Ali Ashrafi , Zheng Zhao , Xiangyu Liu , Shuang Liu , Bei Yang , Detian Li , Ping He , Linkui Cao , Zhimin Sha , Chengrong Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is a critical macronutrient in rice-paddy systems, essential for crop productivity. However, inefficient P management often leads to significant environmental issues such as nutrient leaching and eutrophication. This study investigated the impacts of different fertilization strategies conventional chemical fertilization (CT), partial organic substitution (MT), and fully organic fertilization (OT)—on P transport, rice yield, and environmental risks over a seven-year period. Using a combination of field experiments and HYDRUS-1D simulations, we analyzed how agricultural management influences P distribution in the soil profile, crop uptake, and leaching potential. Our results showed that HYDRUS-1D model could accurately simulate P transport, with RMSE range from 0.024 to 0.031 mg L⁻¹ during calibration in 2012 and 0.053–0.073 mg L⁻¹ during validation in 2018. The results demonstrated that the MT treatment achieved the highest P use efficiency, maintaining rice yields comparable to CT while significantly reducing P leaching into deeper soil layers. In contrast, OT resulted in excessive P buildup in the topsoil, increasing leaching risks. Model simulations further show that an increase in temperature by up to 2°C had minimal effects on P transport, suggesting that proper P fertilization strategies are more critical than temperature variability for minimizing environmental pollution. According to model simulation, the recommended P application rates for CT, MT, and OT are 64.18, 55.86, 50.97 kg hm⁻² respectively, with MT providing the best balance between crop productivity and environmental sustainability. Overall, this study offers novel insights into how mixed fertilization practices can optimize P management in rice-paddy systems, contributing to sustainable agriculture by reducing P losses and enhancing environmental protection. Future research should assess the long-term applicability of these strategies across diverse agricultural landscapes.

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农业实践影响水田系统中磷的运输和生态系统健康：来自HYDRUS-1D模拟的见解

磷(P)是水稻-水田系统中一种重要的常量养分，对作物产量至关重要。然而，低效的磷管理往往导致重大的环境问题，如养分淋失和富营养化。研究了常规化学施肥（CT）、部分有机替代（MT）和全有机施肥（OT）对水稻磷转运、产量和环境风险的影响。利用田间试验和HYDRUS-1D模拟相结合的方法，我们分析了农业管理如何影响磷在土壤剖面中的分布、作物吸收和淋溶潜力。结果表明，HYDRUS-1D模型可以准确模拟磷输运，2012年定标时的RMSE范围为0.024 ~ 0.031 mg L−1,2018年验证时的RMSE范围为0.053 ~ 0.073 mg L−1。结果表明，MT处理获得了最高的磷利用效率，保持了与CT相当的水稻产量，同时显著减少了P向更深土层的淋溶。相比之下，OT导致表土中磷的过量积累，增加了淋失风险。模型模拟进一步表明，温度升高2°C对磷运输的影响最小，这表明在减少环境污染方面，适当的磷肥施肥策略比温度变化更为关键。模型模拟表明，旱作、机栽和OT的推荐施磷肥量分别为64.18、55.86、50.97 kg hm−2，其中机栽在作物生产力和环境可持续性之间达到最佳平衡。总体而言，本研究提供了关于混合施肥如何优化稻田系统磷管理的新见解，通过减少磷损失和加强环境保护为可持续农业做出贡献。未来的研究应评估这些策略在不同农业景观中的长期适用性。

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来源期刊

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

9.10%

发文量

392

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.