Transforming growth factor-β-mediated regulation of atoh1-expressing neural progenitors is involved in the generation of cerebellar granule cells in larval and adult zebrafish

IF 1.7 4区 生物学 Q4 CELL BIOLOGY
Jui Chun Wang, Takashi Shimizu, Masahiko Hibi
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Abstract

Granule cells in the cerebellum are the most numerous neurons in the vertebrate brain. They are derived from neural progenitor cells that express the proneural gene atoh1 (atoh1a, b, c in zebrafish) during early neurogenesis. In zebrafish, unlike in mammals, granule cells are continuously produced throughout life, from the larval stage to adulthood. Additionally, granule cells regenerate and replace damaged areas following injury in the adult cerebellum. However, the mechanisms underlying granule cell generation and their role in adult cerebellar regeneration remain largely unclear. In this study, using lineage tracing with the inducible DNA recombinase CreERT2, we found that granule cells differentiated from atoh1c-expressing neural progenitor cells and migrated to their appropriate locations in the adult stage, similar to the processes observed during early embryogenesis. Granule cells that differentiated from atoh1c-expressing neural progenitor cells in adulthood also contributed to cerebellar regeneration. Furthermore, inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, either via chemical inhibitors or CRISPR/Cas9, suppressed atoh1a/c expression and reduced granule cell numbers in larvae. Chemical inhibition of TGF-β signaling also suppressed neural progenitor cell proliferation, atoh1c expression, and granule cell neurogenesis in the adult cerebellum. These findings demonstrate that TGF-β signaling is essential for granule cell production from progenitor cells throughout the lifespan of zebrafish.

Abstract Image

转化生长因子-β介导的表达atoh1的神经祖细胞的调控参与了幼体和成年斑马鱼小脑颗粒细胞的产生。
小脑中的颗粒细胞是脊椎动物大脑中数量最多的神经元。它们来源于在早期神经发生过程中表达前神经基因atoh1(斑马鱼中为atoh1a, b, c)的神经祖细胞。与哺乳动物不同的是,斑马鱼的颗粒细胞在其一生中,从幼虫期到成年期,都是不断产生的。此外,成人小脑损伤后,颗粒细胞再生并取代受损区域。然而,颗粒细胞产生的机制及其在成人小脑再生中的作用在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这项研究中,利用诱导DNA重组酶CreERT2进行谱系追踪,我们发现颗粒细胞从表达atoh1c的神经祖细胞分化并在成体阶段迁移到合适的位置,类似于早期胚胎发生时观察到的过程。成年期从表达atoh1c的神经祖细胞分化出来的颗粒细胞也有助于小脑再生。此外,通过化学抑制剂或CRISPR/Cas9抑制转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)信号可以抑制atoh1a/c的表达,减少幼虫颗粒细胞的数量。TGF-β信号的化学抑制也抑制了成人小脑神经祖细胞的增殖、atoh1c的表达和颗粒细胞的神经发生。这些发现表明,在斑马鱼的整个生命周期中,TGF-β信号对于祖细胞产生颗粒细胞至关重要。
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来源期刊
Development Growth & Differentiation
Development Growth & Differentiation 生物-发育生物学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
4.00%
发文量
62
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Development Growth & Differentiation (DGD) publishes three types of articles: original, resource, and review papers. Original papers are on any subjects having a context in development, growth, and differentiation processes in animals, plants, and microorganisms, dealing with molecular, genetic, cellular and organismal phenomena including metamorphosis and regeneration, while using experimental, theoretical, and bioinformatic approaches. Papers on other related fields are also welcome, such as stem cell biology, genomics, neuroscience, Evodevo, Ecodevo, and medical science as well as related methodology (new or revised techniques) and bioresources. Resource papers describe a dataset, such as whole genome sequences and expressed sequence tags (ESTs), with some biological insights, which should be valuable for studying the subjects as mentioned above. Submission of review papers is also encouraged, especially those providing a new scope based on the authors’ own study, or a summarization of their study series.
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