Enhanced thermal management of mats and yarns from polystyrene fibers through incorporation of exfoliated graphite†

Abstract

The energy crisis, driven by modern electronics and global warming from population growth, underscores the need for advanced textiles to regulate thermal environments. Researchers stress the need to improve high-performance polymer mats with enhanced thermal conductivity. This report delves into the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of exfoliated graphite (EG) when incorporated into polystyrene (PS) fiber mats and yarns through blend electrospinning. The incorporation of EG inside the fibers allowed us to obtain approximately twofold improvement in maximum stress and toughness compared to pristine PS mats. Thermal camera measurement showed significant improvement in heat transport for PS–EG fibers. The heating test showed a temperature increase of ∼2.5 °C for an EG-loaded PS mat, and in the case of a resistance wire coated with a PS fiber yarn, the increase reached 17 °C. The incorporation of EG into electrospun mats enables the recovery of more energy in the form of heat by enhancing the heating of the sample through infrared radiation. The temperature increased by 2 °C for PS and by 27 °C for PS–EG, respectively. The obtained results exhibit a great potential for the application of electrospun hybrid systems with EG in further advancement in the field of next-generation thermal management.