Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Review of the Current Literature and Future Directions.

Abstract

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs) are a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathophysiology is complex and still poorly understood but thought to involve a combination of maternal modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors and placental changes with resultant end-organ dysfunction. Treatment of HDP involves a combination of lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy, with differing treatment thresholds across organizations. HDP can increase maternal risk for future cardiovascular disease and has shown disparities in racial prevalence and outcomes. Additional efforts are needed to minimize the risk for future cardiovascular disease and improve racial disparities in patients facing HDP.