Navigating tuberculosis control: A mathematical approach to disease dynamics and vaccination strategies

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

alexandria engineering journal Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI:10.1016/j.aej.2025.02.053

Kareem Alanazi , Takasar Hussain , Muhammad Ozair , Sirda Shafiq , Marium Siddique , Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar , M. Abdalla , Asim Anwar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Tuberculosis has become one of the world’s most serious health issues. We generated a deterministic mathematical model for analyzing how vaccination affects tuberculosis dynamics with slow and fast propagation of disease in a community. The possibility of both endemic and disease-free stable states is explored. The epidemiological threshold, also known as the reproduction number

({\hat{R}}_{0}),

has been calculated. It has been shown that only reducing the reproduction number below unity is no longer sufficient for preventing tuberculosis (TB) from entering the population due to backwards bifurcation. Numerical simulations are used to validate the conclusions of analytical study. The threshold proportion of vaccinated individuals has been calculated which must be attained for the complete eradication of the disease. It has been demonstrated that the population’s burden of tuberculosis will be decreased by decreasing effective interaction with tuberculosis infected individuals and raising the proportion of vaccination vulnerable individuals with a significant vaccine efficiency.

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来源期刊

alexandria engineering journal Engineering-General Engineering

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

4.40%

发文量

1015

审稿时长

43 days

期刊介绍： Alexandria Engineering Journal is an international journal devoted to publishing high quality papers in the field of engineering and applied science. Alexandria Engineering Journal is cited in the Engineering Information Services (EIS) and the Chemical Abstracts (CA). The papers published in Alexandria Engineering Journal are grouped into five sections, according to the following classification: • Mechanical, Production, Marine and Textile Engineering • Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Nuclear Engineering • Civil and Architecture Engineering • Chemical Engineering and Applied Sciences • Environmental Engineering