R3c to P1 phase transition in Nd3+/Gd3+ co-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles: Enhanced magnetic and photocatalytic properties

IF 3.9 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: B Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI:10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118170

Sandeep Kumar Chauhan , Amit Kumar , Narendra Kumar Verma , Paramananda Jena , Bani Mahanti , Sandeep Kumar Singh Patel

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Abstract

We successfully synthesized pure and Nd³⁺/Gd³⁺ co-doped BiFeO₃ nanoparticles (NPs) via the sol–gel route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy studies indicates that co-doping at the Bi³⁺ sites triggered a structural phase transition from rhombohedral (R3c) to triclinic (P1). Also resulted in a decrease in particle size from 41 nm to 33 nm. XPS analysis confirmed successful Nd³⁺/Gd³⁺ co-doping in BiFeO₃ NPs and reveals the presence of Fe²⁺ ions. The optical band gap of doped NPs decreased significantly from 2.10 to 1.94 eV. Magnetization measurements revealed a significant enhancement in magnetization values under an applied field of 50 kOe, reaching 1.70 emu/g, a 300 % increase compared to pure BiFeO₃ due to the suppression of the spiral spin structure, suggests potential application for spintronics. Nd³⁺/Gd³⁺ co-doped BiFeO₃ NPs showed remarkable photocatalytic activity, degrading 99 % of methylene blue dye under sunlight irradiation in just 90 min as compared to BiFeO₃ NPs.

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来源期刊

Materials Science and Engineering: B 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

2.80%

发文量

481

审稿时长

3.5 months

期刊介绍： The journal provides an international medium for the publication of theoretical and experimental studies and reviews related to the electronic, electrochemical, ionic, magnetic, optical, and biosensing properties of solid state materials in bulk, thin film and particulate forms. Papers dealing with synthesis, processing, characterization, structure, physical properties and computational aspects of nano-crystalline, crystalline, amorphous and glassy forms of ceramics, semiconductors, layered insertion compounds, low-dimensional compounds and systems, fast-ion conductors, polymers and dielectrics are viewed as suitable for publication. Articles focused on nano-structured aspects of these advanced solid-state materials will also be considered suitable.