Dietary indices to measure diet quality in older cancer survivors: A scoping review on tools, their components and association with health outcomes

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Archives of gerontology and geriatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2025.105797

Andrea Boehmer , Christina Syu Hong Thio , Juliana Christina , Michelle Miller , Alex Fauer , Elsa Dent , Wendy Wing Tak Lam , Danielle Wing Lam Ng , Raymond Javan Chan , Chad Yixian Han

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Older cancer survivors live with more comorbidities and have a higher mortality rate compared to the general older population. A high-quality diet that adheres to evidence based dietary recommendations and guidelines may help mitigate these issues. This can be assessed using dietary quality indices (DQIs), which objectively summarize scores for selected dietary components.

Objective

Identify the DQIs available in the literature for older cancer survivors, and their associations with health outcomes.

Method

Five databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed articles in English, from inception to 12th November 2024. Two researchers independently screened 3,145 studies, extracted and qualitatively assessed data from 28 included reports from 16 studies.

Results

12 DQIs and 40 unique components within these indices were identified and summarised narratively. Total vegetables (n = 8), total fruits (n = 8), whole grains (n = 6), saturated fat (n = 8), and salt/sodium (n = 8) were the most frequently incorporated components within a DQI. All DQIs were derived from evidence-based dietary guidelines. Only three DQIs were specifically designed for oncology population. Higher diet quality was associated with higher HR-QoL in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors in all but one study. The associations between mortality and diet quality were inconsistent, depending on the type of cancer and the mortality type i.e., cancer-specific or other causes.

Conclusions

DQIs are associated with important health outcomes. A major knowledge gap exists in DQIs suitable for older cancer survivors. Future research should develop DQIs to better assess how high-quality diets enhance health outcomes in older cancer survivors.

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来源期刊

Archives of gerontology and geriatrics 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.00%

发文量

198

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics provides a medium for the publication of papers from the fields of experimental gerontology and clinical and social geriatrics. The principal aim of the journal is to facilitate the exchange of information between specialists in these three fields of gerontological research. Experimental papers dealing with the basic mechanisms of aging at molecular, cellular, tissue or organ levels will be published. Clinical papers will be accepted if they provide sufficiently new information or are of fundamental importance for the knowledge of human aging. Purely descriptive clinical papers will be accepted only if the results permit further interpretation. Papers dealing with anti-aging pharmacological preparations in humans are welcome. Papers on the social aspects of geriatrics will be accepted if they are of general interest regarding the epidemiology of aging and the efficiency and working methods of the social organizations for the health care of the elderly.