Changes in Choroidal Thickness of Healthy Children during Myopia Progression over 4 Years: Boramae Myopia Cohort Study Report 5

IF 3.2 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Ophthalmology science Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI:10.1016/j.xops.2024.100688

Jeong Hyun Lee MD, MSc , Joo Young Shin MD, PhD , Martha Kim MD, PhD , Kyoung Min Lee MD, PhD , Sohee Oh PhD , Seok Hwan Kim MD, PhD , Ho-Kyung Choung MD, PhD , Jeeyun Ahn MD, PhD

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Abstract

Objective

To investigate the relationship between choroidal thickness and myopia by analyzing change in choroidal thickness over time in children with myopia progression.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Participants

Children with myopia.

Methods

Spherical equivalent (SE), axial length, and choroidal thickness were measured every 2 years during course of 4 years in children with myopia enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Choroidal thickness was evaluated at 13 points on the ETDRS grid, and its longitudinal changes as myopia progresses were analyzed. Patients were categorized into 2 subgroups: progression group (SE change ≤ −0.5 diopters [D] over 2 years) and stable group (SE change > −0.5 D over 2 years).

Main Outcome Measures

Spherical equivalent of refractive errors, axial length, and choroidal thickness.

Results

A total of 46 eyes from 23 participants were included, with a mean baseline age of 9.6 ± 1.7 years. The SE values at baseline, 2-year follow-up, and 4-year follow-up were −4.26 ± 2.34 D, −5.62 ± 2.45 D, and −8.67 ± 2.47 D, respectively, indicating an average myopia progression of 4.41 D over the 4-year period. During the initial 2 years, no significant thinning of choroidal thickness was observed at any of the 13 measured points. However, during the following 2 years, significant choroidal thinning was identified at 9 of the 13 points (P < 0.05). In the subgroup analysis of the subsequent 2 years, the progression group exhibited significant thinning at 8 points, while the stable group still showed no significant changes in choroidal thickness at any point.

Conclusions

In the early phase of myopia progression within moderate degree, choroidal thickness remained unchanged. However, when progressed to high myopia, significant choroidal thinning occurred, specifically in the progression group. In contrast, the stable group maintained consistent choroidal thickness throughout the study. These results suggest that choroidal thinning in children varies according to the degree of myopia that develops.

Financial Disclosure(s)

The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

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4年以上近视进展过程中健康儿童脉络膜厚度的变化：Boramae近视队列研究报告

目的通过分析儿童近视进展过程中脉络膜厚度随时间的变化，探讨脉络膜厚度与近视的关系。设计回顾性队列研究。参与者：近视儿童。方法在一项前瞻性队列研究中，每2年测量一次近视儿童的球面等效（SE）、眼轴长度和脉络膜厚度。在ETDRS网格上评估13个点的脉络膜厚度，并分析其随近视进展的纵向变化。患者分为2个亚组：进展组（2年内SE变化≤- 0.5屈光度[D]）和稳定组(SE变化>；−0.5 D / 2年)。主要观察指标：屈光不正、轴向长度和脉络膜厚度的球面等效。结果共纳入23例受试者46只眼，平均基线年龄9.6±1.7岁。基线、2年随访和4年随访的SE值分别为- 4.26±2.34 D、- 5.62±2.45 D和- 8.67±2.47 D，表明4年期间平均近视进展为4.41 D。在最初的2年中，13个测点均未观察到脉络膜厚度明显变薄。然而，在接下来的2年中，在13个点中有9个发现明显的脉络膜变薄(P <；0.05)。在随后2年的亚组分析中，进展组在8个点出现明显变薄，而稳定组在任何点仍未出现明显的脉络膜厚度变化。结论在中度近视进展早期，脉络膜厚度保持不变。然而，当发展为高度近视时，发生了明显的脉络膜变薄，特别是在进展组。相比之下，稳定组在整个研究过程中保持脉络膜厚度一致。这些结果表明，儿童的脉络膜变薄取决于近视的程度。财务披露作者在本文中讨论的任何材料中没有专有或商业利益。

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