Stabilization characteristics of cemented lateritic soil produced with selected cement types

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cement.2025.100136

A.A. Amadi , S.S. Kolo , A. Yusuf , F.E. Eze , U. Salihu

{"title":"Stabilization characteristics of cemented lateritic soil produced with selected cement types","authors":"A.A. Amadi , S.S. Kolo , A. Yusuf , F.E. Eze , U. Salihu","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100136","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is recognized that different cements have different properties and stabilization effectiveness for different applications. The challenge of using the right type of cement should be a concern for practitioners in civil engineering construction. In this study, an experimental testing programme was conducted to evaluate and compare the stabilizing effects of CEM I 42.5 N, CEM II/B-L 42.5 N and CEM III/A 42.5 N types of cement on some physical and mechanical properties of lateritic soil. Laboratory tests performed on soil mixtures containing the selected cements added to constitute 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 % of the dry weight of the composite materials include the consistency and compaction tests determined on the basis of fresh mixtures. In addition, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test on specimens compacted at optimum moisture conditions with the British Standard Light (BSL) compaction effort and cured for 7, 28 and 90 days was performed. In equal proportions, soil mixtures prepared with the different types of cements yielded comparable results in terms of reducing the plasticity index (PI) from values as high as 60 % in untreated state to 5.05 %, 7.05 % and 8.2 % respectively for CEM I, CEM II and CEM III at 12 % cement content. Addition of cement also increased both the maximum dry unit weight (γdmax) and optimum moisture content (OMC) of the soil with CEM I cement having the greatest effect while CEM III cement affected the γdmax of the soil the least. For example, when compacted with BSH effort, CEM I achieved γdmax = 1.95 kN/m3 and OMC = 25 %, while for CEM III, γdmax = 1.63 kN/m3 and OMC = 22.6 % compared to γdmax of 1.53 kN/m3 and OMC of 21.1 % for the untreated soil. Regardless of the cement type, there was an overall improvement in the strength properties of the lateritic soil represented by a range of 11 – 14 times for UCS and 31 - 62 folds for E50 at 12 % cement after 90 days curing duration in comparison with the untreated soil. While strength gain was higher in CEM I based mixtures at early (7 day) age (1635.44, 1622.85 and 1599.55 kN/m2 for CEM I, CEM II and CEM III respectively at 12 % cement content), CEM III provided superior strength improvement at the long term (90 day) curing period (2566.25 compared to 2444.58 and 2465.77 kN/m2 respectively for CEM I and CEM II at 12 % cement content). Using the variance analysis (ANOVA) at a significance level (α) of 0.05, the influence of cement type was statistically confirmed for the liquid limit, optimum moisture content and UCS at 28 and 90 days curing ages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"CEMENT","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266654922500009X","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is recognized that different cements have different properties and stabilization effectiveness for different applications. The challenge of using the right type of cement should be a concern for practitioners in civil engineering construction. In this study, an experimental testing programme was conducted to evaluate and compare the stabilizing effects of CEM I 42.5 N, CEM II/B-L 42.5 N and CEM III/A 42.5 N types of cement on some physical and mechanical properties of lateritic soil. Laboratory tests performed on soil mixtures containing the selected cements added to constitute 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 % of the dry weight of the composite materials include the consistency and compaction tests determined on the basis of fresh mixtures. In addition, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test on specimens compacted at optimum moisture conditions with the British Standard Light (BSL) compaction effort and cured for 7, 28 and 90 days was performed. In equal proportions, soil mixtures prepared with the different types of cements yielded comparable results in terms of reducing the plasticity index (PI) from values as high as 60 % in untreated state to 5.05 %, 7.05 % and 8.2 % respectively for CEM I, CEM II and CEM III at 12 % cement content. Addition of cement also increased both the maximum dry unit weight (γ_dmax) and optimum moisture content (OMC) of the soil with CEM I cement having the greatest effect while CEM III cement affected the γ_dmax of the soil the least. For example, when compacted with BSH effort, CEM I achieved γ_dmax = 1.95 kN/m³ and OMC = 25 %, while for CEM III, γ_dmax = 1.63 kN/m³ and OMC = 22.6 % compared to γ_dmax of 1.53 kN/m³ and OMC of 21.1 % for the untreated soil. Regardless of the cement type, there was an overall improvement in the strength properties of the lateritic soil represented by a range of 11 – 14 times for UCS and 31 - 62 folds for E₅₀ at 12 % cement after 90 days curing duration in comparison with the untreated soil. While strength gain was higher in CEM I based mixtures at early (7 day) age (1635.44, 1622.85 and 1599.55 kN/m2 for CEM I, CEM II and CEM III respectively at 12 % cement content), CEM III provided superior strength improvement at the long term (90 day) curing period (2566.25 compared to 2444.58 and 2465.77 kN/m² respectively for CEM I and CEM II at 12 % cement content). Using the variance analysis (ANOVA) at a significance level (α) of 0.05, the influence of cement type was statistically confirmed for the liquid limit, optimum moisture content and UCS at 28 and 90 days curing ages.

查看原文本刊更多论文

选定水泥类型对红土胶结土稳定性的影响

人们认识到，不同的水泥在不同的应用中具有不同的性能和稳定效果。使用正确类型的水泥的挑战应该是土木工程建设从业者关注的问题。本研究通过试验测试方案，评价和比较了CEM I 42.5 N、CEM II/B-L 42.5 N和CEM III/A 42.5 N水泥对红土某些物理力学性质的稳定效果。对含有所选水泥的土壤混合物进行的实验室测试，水泥的添加量占复合材料干重的0,3,6,9和12%，包括在新混合物的基础上确定的一致性和压实试验。此外，在最佳水分条件下，用英国标准光（BSL）压实强度进行了无侧限抗压强度（UCS）测试，并进行了7、28和90天的固化。在同等比例下，用不同类型的水泥制备的土壤混合物在将塑性指数（PI）从未处理状态的高达60%降低到CEM I， CEM II和CEM III在12%水泥含量时分别为5.05%，7.05%和8.2%方面产生了相当的结果。水泥的加入也增加了土壤的最大干重（γdmax）和最佳含水率（OMC），其中CEM I水泥的影响最大，CEM III水泥对土壤γdmax的影响最小。例如，经BSH努力压实后，CEM I的γdmax = 1.95 kN/m3, OMC = 25%，而CEM III的γdmax = 1.63 kN/m3, OMC = 22.6%，而未处理土壤的γdmax为1.53 kN/m3， OMC为21.1%。无论水泥类型如何，在90天养护时间后，与未处理的土壤相比，在12%水泥条件下，红土的强度特性总体上有所改善，UCS的强度特性提高了11 - 14倍，E50的强度特性提高了31 - 62倍。在早期（7天）龄期（水泥掺量为12%时，CEM I、CEM II和CEM III的强度分别为1635.44、1622.85和1599.55 kN/m2）， CEM III在长期（90天）养护期间（水泥掺量为12%时，CEM I和CEM II的强度分别为2566.25 kN/m2和2444.58 kN/m2和2465.77 kN/m2）的强度提高较高。采用显著性水平（α）为0.05的方差分析（ANOVA），统计证实了水泥类型对养护龄期28和90 d的液限、最佳含水率和UCS的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

CEMENT

自引率

0.00%

发文量