The prevalence of Tuberculosis in HIV patients and their correlation with CD4+ count in a tertiary care hospital in Rishikesh, gateway to the Himalayas

Q3 Medicine

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.10.002

Biswajeet Sahoo , Pratiksha Kamboj , Priyal Anand , Yogendra Pratap Mathuria , Mukesh Bairwa , Amber Prasad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Tuberculosis is the most common serious opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients. TB can occur at any time during the course of HIV infection. The estimated number of people living with HIV in India in 2019 was 23.48 lakh. With an estimated 2.5 million cases, or 195 cases per 1 lakh people, India has the highest incidence of tuberculosis cases worldwide, accounting for about 23% of all cases, according to MOHFW India. Information about HIV/TB co-infection is still scarce in India, especially in the hilly areas of Uttarakhand.

Material and methods

In this retrospective study, subjects are the patients who are diagnosed with MTB in HIV-positive patients of all age groups and sex and were followed up from January 2021 till August 2022 in a tertiary referral hospital AIIMS Rishikesh.

Diagnosis of MTB was based on clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging signs, and HIV was based on dot blot, immunochromatographic, and chemiluminescence assay.

Result

A total of 520 patients screened for HIV were positive. Out of which 145 were MTB in which 133 had pulmonary tuberculosis and 12 had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The patients' average age was 35.5 years. Among males, females and transgender, 97 (66.89%), 46 (31.72%) and 2 (1.38%) have both TB and HIV co-infections respectively.

Mean CD4 count prior to ATT was 350.21, After completion was 486.48. The prevalence of Tuberculosis among HIV positive cases was 23.8%.Baseline and latest CD4 count was conducted before and after ART and ATT treatment. It was observed that there was significant increase in the CD4 count after treatment.

Conclusion

HIV co-infection with TB is higher in this region. There is a role of CD4⁺ count in the prognosis and progression of the disease. More strategic measures are required for early diagnosis and treatment of HIV to combat MTB.

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在通往喜马拉雅山的门户——里希凯什的一家三级保健医院，艾滋病毒患者的结核病患病率及其与CD4+计数的相关性

结核病是hiv阳性患者中最常见的严重机会性感染。结核可在艾滋病毒感染过程中的任何时间发生。据估计，2019年印度艾滋病毒感染者人数为234.8万人。据印度卫生部统计，印度估计有250万例结核病病例，即每10万人中有195例结核病病例，是全球结核病发病率最高的国家，约占所有病例的23%。关于艾滋病毒/结核病合并感染的信息在印度仍然很少，特别是在北阿坎德邦的丘陵地区。材料和方法在这项回顾性研究中，研究对象是所有年龄组和性别的艾滋病毒阳性患者中被诊断为结核分枝杆菌的患者，并于2021年1月至2022年8月在AIIMS Rishikesh三级转诊医院进行随访。MTB的诊断基于临床、实验室和神经影像学征象，而HIV的诊断基于点印迹、免疫层析和化学发光试验。结果520例患者HIV阳性。其中145人患有结核分枝杆菌，133人患有肺结核，12人患有肺外结核。患者平均年龄35.5岁。在男性、女性和跨性别人群中，同时感染TB和HIV的分别为97人（66.89%）、46人（31.72%）和2人（1.38%）。ATT术前平均CD4计数为350.21，完成后平均CD4计数为486.48。HIV阳性病例肺结核患病率为23.8%。在ART和ATT治疗前后进行基线和最新CD4计数。观察到治疗后CD4计数明显增加。结论该地区hiv合并结核感染率较高。CD4+计数在疾病的预后和进展中有一定的作用。需要采取更多的战略措施来早期诊断和治疗艾滋病毒，以防治结核。

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来源期刊

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

103

期刊介绍： Indian Journal of Tuberculosis (IJTB) is an international peer-reviewed journal devoted to the specialty of tuberculosis and lung diseases and is published quarterly. IJTB publishes research on clinical, epidemiological, public health and social aspects of tuberculosis. The journal accepts original research articles, viewpoints, review articles, success stories, interesting case series and case reports on patients suffering from pulmonary, extra-pulmonary tuberculosis as well as other respiratory diseases, Radiology Forum, Short Communications, Book Reviews, abstracts, letters to the editor, editorials on topics of current interest etc. The articles published in IJTB are a key source of information on research in tuberculosis. The journal is indexed in Medline