Characterization of enzymatic and metabolic of a biocomposite based on Trichoderma koningiopsis and chlorella biomass

Abstract

The gradual concern with promoting sustainability has encouraged the search for new methodologies for obtaining bioproducts. This study, therefore, analyzed the generation of a fungal biocomposite using Trichoderma koningiopsis and biomass of the microalgae Chlorella sp. from swine wastewater, aiming at a product with potential for environmental and agronomic application. The process involved submerged fermentation in an Airlift bioreactor, using microalgal biomass as the substrate and Trichoderma koningiopsis, such as fermentative microorganisms. Afterward, the enzymatic activity and stability were evaluated, and the stability was monitored for 90 days at different storage temperatures (20 °C, 4 °C, and −80 °C). The results demonstrated considerable enzymatic activity of the biocomposite, mainly for catalase (1274,79 μmol/min.mL), peroxidase (52,08 U/mL), and protease (97,50 U/mL), with good stability over time. By analyzing the organic compounds before and after fermentation using UHPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS, the production of metabolites such as tyrosine and leucine which have herbicidal potential, koningins a, b, and d, trichodermin, which are considered antifungal agents and of relevance in the health area, in addition to primary metabolites such as fructose, organic acids, and ethanol, was observed. Therefore, through this study, it was possible to highlight the potential of the biocomposite obtained as a matrix of products aimed at the environment and agricultural level through enzymes and metabolites of interest for producing bioinputs and removing contaminants in effluents.