Clustered factor analysis for multivariate spatial data

IF 2.1 2区数学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Spatial Statistics Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI:10.1016/j.spasta.2025.100889

Yanxiu Jin , Tomoya Wakayama , Renhe Jiang , Shonosuke Sugasawa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Factor analysis has been extensively used to reveal the dependence structures among multivariate variables, offering valuable insight in various fields. However, it cannot incorporate the spatial heterogeneity that is typically present in spatial data. To address this issue, we introduce an effective method specifically designed to discover the potential dependence structures in multivariate spatial data. Our approach assumes that spatial locations can be approximately divided into a finite number of clusters, with locations within the same cluster sharing similar dependence structures. By leveraging an iterative algorithm that combines spatial clustering with factor analysis, we simultaneously detect spatial clusters and estimate a unique factor model for each cluster. The proposed method is evaluated through comprehensive simulation studies, demonstrating its flexibility. In addition, we apply the proposed method to a dataset of railway station attributes in the Tokyo metropolitan area, highlighting its practical applicability and effectiveness in uncovering complex spatial dependencies.

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来源期刊

Spatial Statistics GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

21.70%

发文量

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： Spatial Statistics publishes articles on the theory and application of spatial and spatio-temporal statistics. It favours manuscripts that present theory generated by new applications, or in which new theory is applied to an important practical case. A purely theoretical study will only rarely be accepted. Pure case studies without methodological development are not acceptable for publication. Spatial statistics concerns the quantitative analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal data, including their statistical dependencies, accuracy and uncertainties. Methodology for spatial statistics is typically found in probability theory, stochastic modelling and mathematical statistics as well as in information science. Spatial statistics is used in mapping, assessing spatial data quality, sampling design optimisation, modelling of dependence structures, and drawing of valid inference from a limited set of spatio-temporal data.