Flood risk communication: Challenges and opportunities in Brazilian cities

Abstract

How flood risk is communicated is a key factor in disaster risk reduction. This is particularly true in the Global South countries, where several regions are susceptible to extreme weather events and have a significantly vulnerable population, deprived of urban services and facilities. Therefore, this research set out to assess the incorporation of flood risk communication into planning and public management in brazilian cities. We analysed official documents and carried out semi-structured interviews with local officials linked to the disaster risk management to assess their practices and identify any gaps in flood risk communication. The results indicate that the limited perception of risk communication as purely an emergency measure is a significant barrier. A clear reliance on technological infrastructure was also noted, and this limits its effectiveness in areas with poor internet access. Customising messages for different audiences and adapting complex technical information were also identified as critical challenges. An informal assessment of risk communication strategies is a frequent practice. Hence, to improve risk communication, a multi-faceted approach is needed, including continuous education, personalisation of messages, use of multiple channels, training of professionals, and investment in technological infrastructure. Collaboration between sectors and the creation of formal assessment methods are crucial for strengthening the resilience of communities, improving management, and reducing the impacts of disasters. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the challenges faced by cities in implementing flood risk communication, offering recommendations to enhance the resilience of vulnerable communities and support evidence-based policy development.