Changes in life expectancy at birth during the COVID-19 pandemic and contributions by cause of death in British Columbia, Canada.

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.25318/82-003-x202500200001-eng

Xibiao Ye, Ioana Sevcenco, Richard Mercer, Henry Ngo, Alyssa Parker, Viet Dao, Reiko Okamoto, Bonnie Henry

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Studies have shown that excess all-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic caused declines of life expectancy at birth (LE₀) in most countries around the world, after decades of improvement prior to the pandemic. However, those studies rarely examined the contributions from specific causes of death other than COVID-19.

Methods: This study used the Chiang method to estimate LE₀ for each year in British Columbia from 2000 to 2022 and the changes from 2019 to 2020, 2021, and 2022. Each death case was classified into 1 of 23 categories, including COVID-19, unregulated drug toxicity, cardiovascular diseases, and injuries, according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). The changes in LE₀ were decomposed into age and causes of death using the Arriaga method.

Results: Compared with 2019, male LE₀ decreased by 1.16 years in 2020, 1.81 years in 2021, and 1.62 years in 2022; female LE₀ did not change in 2020, but decreased by 0.65 years in 2021, and by 0.56 years in 2022. COVID-19 and unregulated drug toxicity were the top two causes of deaths contributing to the LE₀ declines in males and females, with COVID-19 being the number one contributor in females and unregulated drug toxicity deaths as the number one contributor in males.

Interpretation: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted population health not only through its direct effects but also through indirect impacts on other health outcomes, including the unregulated drug toxicity crisis, the combination of which were driving factors in the decline in life expectancy at birth.

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加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省2019冠状病毒病大流行期间出生时预期寿命的变化及按死因分列的贡献。

背景：研究表明，2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的高全因死亡率导致世界上大多数国家出生时预期寿命（LE 0）下降，而在大流行之前的几十年里，预期寿命有所改善。然而，这些研究很少检查COVID-19以外的特定死亡原因的贡献。方法：本研究使用蒋方法估算了2000年至2022年不列颠哥伦比亚省每年的LE 0，以及2019年至2020年、2021年和2022年的变化。根据《国际疾病分类第十次修订版》（ICD-10），每个死亡病例被分为23类中的1类，包括COVID-19、不受管制的药物毒性、心血管疾病和伤害。使用Arriaga方法将LE 0的变化分解为年龄和死亡原因。结果：与2019年相比，男性LE 0在2020年下降1.16岁，在2021年下降1.81岁，在2022年下降1.62岁；女性LE 0在2020年没有变化，但在2021年下降了0.65岁，在2022年下降了0.56岁。COVID-19和不受管制的药物毒性是导致男性和女性死亡率下降的前两大死亡原因，其中COVID-19是女性死亡的头号原因，而不受管制的药物毒性是男性死亡的头号原因。解读：COVID-19大流行不仅通过其直接影响影响人口健康，还通过对其他健康结果的间接影响影响人口健康，包括不受管制的药物毒性危机，这些因素加在一起是导致出生时预期寿命下降的驱动因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Health Reports PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

4.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Health Reports publishes original research on diverse topics related to understanding and improving the health of populations and the delivery of health care. We publish studies based on analyses of Canadian national/provincial representative surveys or Canadian national/provincial administrative databases, as well as results of international comparative health research. Health Reports encourages the sharing of methodological information among those engaged in the analysis of health surveys or administrative databases. Use of the most current data available is advised for all submissions.