Sex-Based Differences in Representation of Top Youth Athletes.

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI:10.1249/MSS.0000000000003681

Jessica J James, Sandra K Hunter, Elizabeth P Bueckers, Michael J Joyner, Jonathon W Senefeld

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Abstract

Objectives: Among overall top performances of youth track and swimming athletes, we aimed to determine: 1) the proportional number of male compared to female athletes represented and 2) at what age females are no longer represented.

Methods: Finishing times and sex of the top 10 and top 100 performances of youth runners and swimmers between 5-18 years were abstracted from online US-based databases for four running (100 m-800 m) and six freestyle swimming events (50 m-1500 m).

Results: Males represented a greater proportion of the top 10 performances starting at 7 years in running (P = 0.023) and 12 years in swimming (P = 0.023) (averaged across events). Males represented a greater proportion of the top 100 performances starting at 6 years in running (P < 0.001) and 7 years in swimming (P < 0.001) (averaged across events). Females were no longer represented within the top 10 performances starting at ~12 years in running and ~ 13 years in swimming and no longer represented within the top 100 starting at ~14 years in running and ~ 15 years in swimming.

Conclusions: In elite youth athletes, there was a greater proportion (representation) of males within the top 100 running and swimming performances beginning between ages 6 and 7, with females no longer represented between ages 14 and 15. Our findings suggest males are more likely to be represented "on the podium" in open sporting events (not categorized by sex) than females starting at age 6.

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优秀青年运动员代表性的性别差异。

目的：在青少年田径和游泳运动员的总体表现中，我们旨在确定：1)男性运动员与女性运动员的比例，2)在什么年龄不再有女性运动员。方法：从美国在线数据库中提取5-18岁青少年跑步和游泳运动员100 -800米和50 -1500米自由泳项目的前10名和前100名运动员的完赛时间和性别。结果：在7岁开始的跑步项目（P = 0.023）和12岁开始的游泳项目（P = 0.023）中，男性所占的比例更大（各项目平均）。在6岁开始的跑步（P < 0.001）和7岁开始的游泳（P < 0.001）中，男性在前100名中所占的比例更大（各项目平均）。在12岁和13岁的跑步和游泳项目中，没有女性进入前10名；在14岁和15岁的游泳项目中，没有女性进入前100名。结论：在优秀的青少年运动员中，在6 - 7岁开始的前100名跑步和游泳成绩中，男性的比例（代表性）更大，而在14 - 15岁之间不再有女性的代表性。我们的研究结果表明，从6岁开始，男性比女性更有可能在公开体育赛事（不按性别分类）中“站上领奖台”。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 医学-运动科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

4.90%

发文量

2568

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® features original investigations, clinical studies, and comprehensive reviews on current topics in sports medicine and exercise science. With this leading multidisciplinary journal, exercise physiologists, physiatrists, physical therapists, team physicians, and athletic trainers get a vital exchange of information from basic and applied science, medicine, education, and allied health fields.